English Word Stress

Description

Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Original Title Page Original Copyright Page Dedication Table of Contents Preface 1 Introduction 1.1 What Is Stress? 1.2 The Notation 1.3 Kingdon’s Innovations 1.4 The Approach of Chomsky and Halle 1.5 The Work of Paul Garde Exercises and Further Reading 2 Preliminaries 2.1 General Outline of the Approach 2.2 Words and Syllables 2.3 Words and Morphemes Exercises and Further Reading 3 Stress in Simple Roots 3.1 The Basic Rules 3.2 Secondary Stress 3.3 Stress-Shifts in Noun-Verb Pairs Exercises and Further Reading Appendix 3.1 Finally-Stressed Simple Roots (a) Words Other than Proper Nouns (b) Geographical Proper Names (Select List) (c) Personal Proper Names (Select List) Appendix 3.2 Simple Roots with Anomalous Non-Final Main Stress (a) Words with Penultimate Stress where Our Rules Predict Antepenultimate Stress (b) Words with Antepenultimate Stress where Our Rules Predict Penultimate Stress 4 Suffixes and Stress 4.1 Inflectional and Other Stress-Neutral Suffixes 4.2 ‘Autostressed’ Suffixes 4.3 ‘Pre-Stressed’ Suffixes 4.4 ‘Mixed’ Suffixes 4.5 Secondary Stress by Suffix Exercises and Further Reading Appendix 4.1 List of Suffixes with their Properties Appendix 4.2 List of Words with Mixed Suffixes 5 Stress in Compounds 5.1 Compounds with Initial Stress 5.2 Compounds with Final Stress 5.3 Contextually-Determined Stress-Shift 5.4 Compounds Involving Bound Forms Exercises and Further Reading Appendix 5.1 Construction-Type and Stress-Type Appendix 5.2 Bound Compound-Initials and their Accentual Properties 6 Prefixes and Stress 6.1 Stress-Neutral Prefixes 6.2 Stress-Repellent Prefixes 6.3 Prefixes and Noun-Verb Pairs 6.4 ‘Mixed’ Prefixes Exercises and Further Reading Appendix 6.1 List of Prefixes and their Accentual Properties Appendix 6.2 Stress-Shift across Parts of Speech for Words Involving Prefixes but No Suffixes (a) Words in which No Stress-Shift Takes Place (b) Words in which Stress-Shift Does Occur 7 Vowel Quality Changes 7.1 Vowel Reduction in Relation to Secondary Stress 7.2 Syllable Types Protected from Reducing 7.3 Vowel Shortening Rules 7.4 Vowel Lengthening Rules Exercises and Further Reading Appendix 7.1 Anomalies in Vowel Reduction (a)-(c) Expected Reduction Not Applied (d)-(f) Reduction Applied Unexpectedly Appendix 7.2 Anomalies in Vowel Shortening (a) Exceptions to Shortening before Suffixes (b) Exceptions to Trisyllabic Shortening Other than before Suffixes Appendix 7.3 Anomalies in Vowel Lengthening Solutions to Exercises Index