Mechanobiology of Fracture Healing: From Basic Science to Clinical Application

Description

This book offers a summary of research on the biomechanics of fracture fixation and mechanobiology of fracture healing. The author, a known expert, provides an overview of the state of art, his own research together with that of his co-workers and collaborators; he describes the ideas and findings from the beginning of this research field in the 1960s up to the clinical consequences and applications of today.  The book discusses the mechanobiology of fracture healing, illustrates the numerical methods that simulate fracture healing processes, and depicts specific research methods of experimental studies. Finally, it provides conclusions for the improvement of fracture treatment that will be of use in clinical applications nowadays.  This book will be a valuable resource of knowledge for students and scientists in the field of bioengineering, experimental biology, and biomechanics, helping them to identify the correct conditions and analysis for their respective research and receive an understanding of the research field from its beginning until today. For experimental and clinical surgeons active in the field of fracture healing, this book will provide a useful historical overview over this translational research field. Preface Acknowledgements Contents About the Author Abbreviations Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1 Introduction References Chapter 2: Basic Biology of Fracture Healing 2.1 Basic Biology of Fracture Healing 2.1.1 Diaphyseal Fracture Healing 2.1.2 Metaphyseal Fracture Healing References Chapter 3: Specific Methods in Fracture Healing Studies 3.1 Specific Methods in Experimental Fracture Healing Studies 3.1.1 Animal Models for Fracture Healing Studies 3.1.2 Loading Models 3.1.3 Measurement of Fracture Healing Outcome 3.1.3.1 Radiological Images 3.1.3.2 Biomechanical Measurements 3.1.3.3 Histomorphological Images 3.1.3.4 Vascularization References Chapter 4: Basic Biomechanical Factors Affecting Fracture Healing 4.1 Basic Biomechanical Factors Affecting Fracture Healing 4.1.1 Biomechanics of Fracture Fixation 4.1.1.1 Characteristic Stabilities of Human Fracture Fixations Stiffness of Intramedullary Nail Constructs Stiffness of External Fixator Constructs Stiffness of Plate Constructs 4.1.1.2 Characteristic Stabilities of Experimental Fracture Fixations 4.1.2 Loading of the Stabilized Bone 4.1.2.1 Forces and Moments at the Normal Leg 4.1.2.2 Forces and Moments at the Leg After Fracture Fixation 4.1.3 Interfragmentary Movement 4.1.3.1 Monitoring Interfragmentary Movements Patient Monitoring Monitoring Experimental Animals 4.1.3.2 Interfragmentary Strain 4.1.3.3 Interfragmentary Movement, Tissue Strain and Tissue Differentiation 4.1.3.4 Interfragmentary Movement and Revascularization 4.1.3.5 Directions of Interfragmentary Movement 4.1.4 Fracture Gap Size and Geometry References Chapter 5: Biomechanical Enhancement of Fracture Healing 5.1 Biomechanical Enhancement of Fracture Healing 5.1.1 Externally Applied Methods 5.1.1.1 Cyclic Application of Interfragmentary Micromovements 5.1.1.2 Low-Magnitude High-Frequency Vibration (LMHFV) 5.1.1.3 Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) 5.1.1.4 Low Energy Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy (ESWT) 5.1.2 Dynamization of Fractures 5.1.2.1 Methods of Dynamization 5.1.2.2 Dynamization by Telescoping 5.1.2.3 Axial Cyclic Dynamization 5.1.2.4 Reverse Dynamization References Chapter 6: Mechanobiological Hypotheses, Numerical Models and Their Application to the Improvement of Clinical Fracture Treatm... 6.1 Mechanobiological Hypotheses of Tissue Differentiation in Fracture Healing 6.2 Numerical Mechanobiological Models for Bone Healing 6.3 Conclusion for the Improvement of Clinical Fracture Healing References Correction to: Basic Biomechanical Factors Affecting Fracture Healing Correction to: Chapter 4 in: L. E. Claes, Mechanobiology of Fracture Healing, SpringerBriefs in Bioengineering, https://doi.or...