Basic Methods Handbook for Clinical Orthopaedic Research: A Practical Guide and Case Based Research Approach

Description

This book is designed to meet the needs of both novice and senior researchers in Orthopaedics by providing the essential, clinically relevant knowledge on research methodology that is sometimes overlooked during training. Readers will find a wealth of easy-to-understand information on all relevant aspects, from protocol design, the fundamentals of statistics, and the use of computer-based tools through to the performance of clinical studies with different levels of evidence, multicenter studies, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and economic health care studies. A key feature is a series of typical case examples that will facilitate use of the volume as a handbook for most common research approaches and study types. Younger researchers will also appreciate the guidance on preparation of abstracts, poster and paper presentations, grant applications, and publications. The authors are internationally renowned orthopaedic surgeons with extensive research experience and the book is published in collaboration with ISAKOS. Front Matter ....Pages i-xiv Front Matter ....Pages 1-1 What Is Evidence-Based Medicine? (Eleonor Svantesson, Eric Hamrin Senorski, Jón Karlsson, Olufemi R. Ayeni, Kristian Samuelsson)....Pages 3-10 What Is the Hierarchy of Clinical Evidence? (Vishal S. Desai, Christopher L. Camp, Aaron J. Krych)....Pages 11-22 Bias and Confounding (Naomi Roselaar, Magaly Iñiguez Cuadra, Stephen Lyman)....Pages 23-32 Ethical Consideration in Orthopedic Research (Jason L. Koh, Diego Villacis)....Pages 33-42 Conflict of Interest (Michael Hantes, Apostolos Fyllos)....Pages 43-47 Ethics in Clinical Research (Naomi Roselaar, Niv Marom, Robert G. Marx)....Pages 49-54 Front Matter ....Pages 55-55 How to Get Started: From Idea to Research Question (Lachlan M. Batty, Timothy Lording, Eugene T. Ek)....Pages 57-63 How to Write a Study Protocol (Lukas B. Moser, Michael T. Hirschmann)....Pages 65-73 The Ethical Approval Process (Karren Takamura, Frank Petrigliano)....Pages 75-81 How to Assess Patient’s Outcome? (Yuichi Hoshino, Alfonso Barnechea)....Pages 83-88 Basics of Outcome Assessment in Clinical Research (Monique C. Chambers, Sarah M. Tepe, Lorraine A. T. Boakye, MaCalus V. Hogan)....Pages 89-95 Types of Scoring Instruments Available (José F. Vega, Kurt P. Spindler)....Pages 97-109 Health Measurement Development and Interpretation (Andrew Firth, Dianne Bryant, Jacques Menetrey, Alan Getgood)....Pages 111-120 How to Document a Clinical Study and Avoid Common Mistakes in Study Conduct? (Caroline Mouton, Laura De Girolamo, Daniel Theisen, Romain Seil)....Pages 121-132 Framework for Selecting Clinical Outcomes for Clinical Trials (Adam J. Popchak, Andrew D. Lynch, James J. Irrgang)....Pages 133-142 Advances in Measuring Patient-Reported Outcomes: Use of Item Response Theory and Computer Adaptive Tests (Andrew D. Lynch, Adam J. Popchak, James J. Irrgang)....Pages 143-150 Front Matter ....Pages 151-151 Common Statistical Tests (Stephan Bodkin, Joe Hart, Brian C. Werner)....Pages 153-161 The Nature of Data (Clair Smith)....Pages 163-170 Does No Difference Really Mean No Difference? (Carola F. van Eck, Marcio Bottene Villa Albers, Andrew J. Sheean, Freddie H. Fu)....Pages 171-183 Power and Sample Size (Stephen Lyman)....Pages 185-191 Visualizing Data (Stephen Lyman, Naomi Roselaar, Chisa Hidaka)....Pages 193-206 Front Matter ....Pages 207-207 How to Prepare an Abstract (Elmar Herbst, Brian Forsythe, Avinesh Agarwalla, Sebastian Kopf)....Pages 209-217 How to Make a Good Poster Presentation (Baris Kocaoglu, Paulo Henrique Araujo, Carola Francisca van Eck)....Pages 219-225 How to Prepare a Paper Presentation? (Timothy Lording, Jacques Menetrey)....Pages 227-233 How to Write a Clinical Paper (Brendan Coleman)....Pages 235-242 How to Write a Book Chapter (Thomas R. Pfeiffer, Daniel Guenther)....Pages 243-247 How to Write a Winning Clinical Research Proposal? (Christian Lattermann, Janey D. Whalen)....Pages 249-254 How to Review a Clinical Research Paper? (Neel K. Patel, Marco Yeung, Kanto Nagai, Volker Musahl)....Pages 255-262 Front Matter ....Pages 263-263 Level 1 Evidence: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Study (Seper Ekhtiari, Raman Mundi, Vickas Khanna, Mohit Bhandari)....Pages 265-283 Level 1 Evidence: Long-Term Clinical Results (Daisuke Araki, Ryosuke Kuroda)....Pages 285-287 Level 2 Evidence: Prospective Cohort Study (Naomi Roselaar, Niv Marom, Robert G. Marx)....Pages 289-293 Level III Evidence: A Case-Control Study (Andrew D. Lynch, Adam J. Popchak, James J. Irrgang)....Pages 295-300 Level 4 Evidence: Clinical Case Series (Mitchell I. Kennedy, Robert F. LaPrade)....Pages 301-305 How to Perform a Clinical Study: Level 4 Evidence—Case Report (Andrew J. Sheean, Gregory V. Gasbarro, Nasef M. N. Abedelatif, Volker Musahl)....Pages 307-312 Level 5: Evidence (Seán Mc Auliffe, Pieter D’Hooghe)....Pages 313-319 Front Matter ....Pages 321-321 Type of Review and How to Get Started (Matthew Skelly, Andrew Duong, Nicole Simunovic, Olufemi R. Ayeni)....Pages 323-327 Front Matter ....Pages 329-329 What Is the Difference Between a Systematic Review and a Meta-analysis? (Shakib Akhter, Thierry Pauyo, Moin Khan)....Pages 331-342 Reliability Studies and Surveys (Kelsey L. Wise, Brandon J. Kelly, Michael L. Knudsen, Jeffrey A. Macalena)....Pages 343-358 Registries (R. Kyle Martin, Andreas Persson, Håvard Visnes, Lars Engebretsen)....Pages 359-369 Front Matter ....Pages 371-371 How to Perform an Economic Healthcare Study (Jonathan Edgington, Xander Kerman, Lewis Shi, Jason L. Koh)....Pages 373-380 Front Matter ....Pages 381-381 Conducting Multicenter Cohort Studies: Lessons from MOON (José F. Vega, Kurt P. Spindler)....Pages 383-389 MARS: The Why and How of It (Rick W. Wright, Amanda K. Haas, Laura J. Huston)....Pages 391-402 Multicenter Study: How to Pull It Off? The PIVOT Trial (Eleonor Svantesson, Eric Hamrin Senorski, Alicia Oostdyk, Yuichi Hoshino, Kristian Samuelsson, Volker Musahl)....Pages 403-413 Conducting a Multicenter Trial: Learning from the JUPITER (Justifying Patellar Instability Treatment by Early Results) Experience (Jason L. Koh, Shital Parikh, Beth Shubin Stein, The JUPITER Group)....Pages 415-425 How to Organise an International Register in Compliance with the European GDPR: Walking in the Footsteps of the PAMI Project (Paediatric ACL Monitoring Initiative) (Daniel Theisen, Håvard Moksnes, Cyrille Hardy, Lars Engebretsen, Romain Seil)....Pages 427-434 Front Matter ....Pages 435-435 Common Scales and Checklists in Sports Medicine Research (Alberto Grassi, Luca Macchiarola, Marco Casali, Ilaria Cucurnia, Stefano Zaffagnini)....Pages 437-470 A Practical Guide to Writing (and Understanding) a Scientific Paper: Meta-Analyses (Alberto Grassi, Riccardo Compagnoni, Kristian Samuelsson, Pietro Randelli, Corrado Bait, Stefano Zaffagnini)....Pages 471-497 A Practical Guide to Writing (and Understanding) a Scientific Paper: Clinical Studies (Riccardo Compagnoni, Alberto Grassi, Stefano Zaffagnini, Corrado Bait, Kristian Samuelsson, Alessandra Menon et al.)....Pages 499-505 Reporting Complications in Orthopaedic Trials (S. Goldhahn, Norimasa Nakamura, J. Goldhahn)....Pages 507-513 Understanding and Addressing Regulatory Concerns in Research (Jason L. Koh, Denise Gottfried, Daniel R. Lee, Sandra Navarrete)....Pages 515-531 What Is Needed to Make Collaboration Work? (Richard E. Debski, Gerald A. Ferrer)....Pages 533-536 A Clinical Practice Guideline (Aleksei Dingel, Jayson Murray, James Carey, Deborah Cummins, Kevin Shea)....Pages 537-549 How to Navigate a Scientific Meeting and Make It Worthwhile? A Guide for Young Orthopedic Surgeons (Darren de SA, Jayson Lian, Conor I. Murphy, Ravi Vaswani, Volker Musahl)....Pages 551-560 How to Write a Scientific Article (Lukas B. Moser, Michael T. Hirschmann)....Pages 561-578 Common Mistakes in Manuscript Writing and How to Avoid Them (Eleonor Svantesson, Eric Hamrin Senorski, Kristian Samuelsson, Jón Karlsson)....Pages 579-584