Myth and the Human Sciences: Hans Blumenberg's Theory of Myth

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This is the first book-length critical analysis in any language of Hans Blumenberg’s theory of myth. Blumenberg can be regarded as the most important German theorist of myth of the second half of the twentieth century, and his?Work on Myth?(1979) has resonated across disciplines ranging from literary theory, via philosophy, religious studies and anthropology, to the history and philosophy of science. Nicholls introduces Anglophone readers to Blumenberg’s biography and to his philosophical contexts. He elucidates Blumenberg’s theory of myth by relating it to three important developments in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century German philosophy (hermeneutics, phenomenology and philosophical anthropology), while also comparing Blumenberg’s ideas with those of other prominent theorists of myth such as Vico, Hume, Schelling, Max Müller, Frazer, Sorel, Freud, Cassirer, Heidegger, Horkheimer and Adorno. According to Nicholls, Blumenberg’s theory of myth can only be understood in relation to the ‘human sciences,’ since it emerges from a speculative hypothesis concerning the emergence of the earliest human beings. For Blumenberg, myth was originally a cultural adaptation that constituted the human attempt to deal with anxieties concerning the threatening forces of nature by anthropomorphizing those forces into mythic images. In the final two chapters, Blumenberg’s theory of myth is placed within the post-war political context of West Germany. Through a consideration of Blumenberg’s exchanges with Carl Schmitt, as well as by analysing unpublished correspondence and parts of the original?Work of Myth?manuscript that Blumenberg held back from publication, Nicholls shows that Blumenberg’s theory of myth also amounted to a reckoning with the legacy of National Socialism. Review "Nicholls has written not just the definitive study of Blumenberg as a theorist of myth, but also an excellent general introduction to this prolific yet mercurial thinker. His achievement is unrivalled in situating Blumenberg in the development of German thought and drawing persuasive connections between Blumenberg and his manifold influences and ancestors, acknowledged and not." - Joe Paul Kroll, Leibniz Institute of European History, Mainz in Modern Language Review "This book is a welcome addition to scholarship on Hans Blumenberg. It is clearly written and authoritative. It will introduce the thinking of Blumenberg to a wider audience, and acquaint readers with aspects of the intellectual context Blumenberg worked in." Alison Ross, Montash University in Iyyun: The Jerusalem Philosophical Quarterly "I am fully convinced that this book will become an important tool in research and teaching, not only on the twentieth-century German philosopher Hans Blumenberg …but in the wider areas of myth and anthropology … Nicholls’ monograph is the very first comprehensive English-language introduction to Blumenberg’s theory of myth, but even compared with introductions that are available in German, it is unique in its commitment to making Blumenberg’s arguments accessible combined with an extraordinary depth of scholarship on his intellectual background … Nicholls’ remarkable familiarity not only with Blumenberg’s extensive and published and unpublished oeuvre … but also with the many discourses and disciplines with which it is interwoven, makes this book a treasure trove for anybody with an interest in philology, myth, phenomenology, anthropology, or the intellectual life in 20th century Germany." Tina-Karen Pusse, History of the Human Sciences About the Author Angus Nicholls is Chair of the Department of Comparative Literature at Queen Mary University of London, UK, where he teaches German and Comparative Literature. His previous books include Goethe’s Concept of the Daemonic (2006) and Thinking the Unconscious (co-edited with Martin Liebscher, 2010). He is co-editor of History of the Human Sciences and of the Publications of the English Goethe Society. Cover Title Copyright Dedication Contents Note on Sources Foreword Acknowledgements Prologue: A Story about the Telling of Stories 1 Hans Blumenberg: An Introduction One Life, One Identity? The History of Concepts, Poetics and Hermeneutics Blumenberg on Myth, Provisionally Speaking Why Blumenberg? Style, Translation and the Nachlass The Argument 2 Myth and the Human Sciences during the Sattelzeit A New Science of Myth: Vico Myth and the ‘Science of Human Nature’ The ‘Mythology of Reason’ The ‘Science of Myth’ as the History of Consciousness: Schelling After Darwin: Language, Myth, and Cultural Development Blumenberg’s Belatedness 3 German Philosophy and the ‘Will to Science’ Husserl, Dilthey, and the ‘Will to Science’ The Problem of ‘Values’ in the Human Sciences What is Philosophical Anthropology? ‘Significance’ and ‘Deficiency’ in Rothacker and Gehlen 4 Davos and After, or the Function of Anthropology Myth at Davos: Heidegger contra Cassirer Crisis and the Life-World The ‘Anthropological Reduction’: Alsberg Hypotheses and their Uses 5 Promethean Anthropologies Reading the Protagoras Hesiod, Aeschylus, and Lucian Vico, Herder, Schelling, and Nietzsche From Metaphor to Myth 6 Goethe’s ‘Prometheus,’ or on Cultural Selection The Goethe Complex The Daemonic and Its Dangers On Cultural Selection The Absolutism of Technology 7 ‘After the Work on Myth’: The Political Reception of Work on Myth Philosophy in the Bundesrepublik Professing Liberal Conservatism The Dialectic of Enlightenment and the Myth of the State Carl Schmitt and the ‘Extraordinary Saying’ Political Polytheism? Blumenberg and Taubes on Myth and Dogma 8 Conclusion: Political Myth in the Blumenberg Nachlass Remythicization Prefiguration The Absolutism of Wishes Freud and the Myth of Theory Index