ENGLISH

Amber for Artemis: Amber Finds from the Artemision at Ephesos

Book information

Publisher
Verlag der Osterreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
Year
2024
ISBN
3700192827, 9783700192824
Google Books ID
Sf3g0AEACAAJ
Language
english
Format
PDF
Filesize
28 MB (28847224 bytes)
Series
Forschungen in Ephesos, 12,7
Pages
274\365
Time added
2025-02-01 08:57:31

Description

English summary: Nearly 700 individual amber objects were unearthed during the British and Austrian excavations in the Artemision of Ephesos, the majority of which were found in the centre of the sanctuary. During the reconstruction of the first temple for Artemis (Naos 1), a hoard consecrated around 650 to 640 BC was deposited there as a building sacrifice and contained gold jewellery and amber along with other valuable objects. The amber from the Artemision represents the largest find complex of this material in the entire Eastern Mediterranean region. It includes carved figures, beads, pendants, inlays and pinheads, but also unworked amber. The forms and types of the individual objects find their closest parallels above all in Italy, where amber from the Baltic was traded since the Bronze Age. Archaeometric investigations prove that the Ephesian finds were also made from Baltic raw material. A large number of similar individual parts contained in the hoard indicate that a magnificent piece of jewellery had also been laid down there. It seems that this elaborate piece of jewellery, made of small pieces, was a wide girdle offered to the goddess Artemis as the protector of women in labour. This girdle can be used to establish a connection with Southern Italy, where the colony of Siris offered itself as a mediator of amber jewellery of the Oinotrian type. All forms considered together prove the existence of a workshop in the Artemision in the 7th century BC that produced also amber jewellery. German description: Bei den britischen und osterreichischen Ausgrabungen im Artemision von Ephesos wurden fast 700 Objekte aus Bernstein gefunden, der Grossteil im Zentrum des Heiligtums. Wahrend des Wiederaufbaus des ersten Artemis-Tempels (Naos 1) wurde ein um 650 bis 640 v. Chr. geweihter Hort als Bauopfer deponiert, der neben anderen wertvollen Gegenstanden auch Goldschmuck und Bernstein enthielt. Der Bernstein aus dem Artemision stellt den grossten Fundkomplex dieses Materials im gesamten ostlichen Mittelmeerraum dar und umfasst geschnitzte Figuren, Perlen, Anhanger, Intarsien und Nadelkopfe, aber auch unbearbeiteten Bernstein. Die Formen und Typen der einzelnen Objekte finden ihre engsten Parallelen vor allem in Italien, wo Bernstein aus dem Baltikum seit der Bronzezeit gehandelt wurde. Archaometrische Untersuchungen belegen, dass auch die ephesischen Funde aus baltischem Rohmaterial hergestellt wurden. Viele einander ahnliche Einzelteile im Hortfund deuten darauf hin, dass in ihm auch ein prachtiges Schmuckstuck niedergelegt worden war. Bei diesem scheint es sich um einen breiten Gurtel gehandelt zu haben, welcher der Gottin Artemis in ihrer Funktion als Beschutzerin gebarender Frauen dargebracht worden war. Anhand des Gurtels kann eine Verbindung zu Suditalien ausgemacht werden, wo sich die Kolonie Siris als Vermittlerin von Bernsteinschmuck des oinotrischen Typs anbietet. Betrachtet man alle im Artemision gefundenen Formen, lasst sich fur das Heiligtum eine Werkstatt erschliessen, die im 7. Jahrhundert v. Chr. auch Bernsteinschmuck herstellte.

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