Soft Computing: Theories and Applications: Proceedings of SoCTA 2020

Description

This book focuses on soft computing and how it can be applied to solve real-world problems arising in various domains, ranging from medicine and healthcare, to supply chain management, image processing and cryptanalysis. It gathers high-quality papers presented at the International Conference on Soft Computing: Theories and Applications (SoCTA 2020), organized online. The book is divided into two volumes and offers valuable insights into soft computing for teachers and researchers alike; the book will inspire further research in this dynamic field. Preface About SoCTA Series About STEM-Research Society Contents About the Editors A Study on the Effect of Optimal Control Strategies: An SIR Model with Delayed Logistic Growth 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Model 3 Boundedness of System 4 Optimal Control for Delayed System 4.1 Existence of Optimal Control Pair 4.2 Characterization of Optimal Control 5 Numerical Section 6 Conclusion References Emperor Penguin Optimized Clustering for Improved Multilevel Hierarchical Routing in Wireless Sensor Networks 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Methodology 3.1 System Model 3.2 Energy Model 3.3 Clustering by EPO 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References A Collaborative Filtering-Based Recommendation System for Preliminary Detection of COVID-19 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 3.1 Creating User Item Rating Matrix 3.2 Similarity Computation 3.3 Selecting Nearest Neighbours 3.4 Generating Prediction 3.5 Providing Recommendations 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Frequencies of Nonuniform Triangular Plate with Two-Dimensional Parabolic Temperature 1 Introduction 2 Analysis 3 Results and Discussions 4 Results Comparison 5 Conclusions References Machine Learning in Finance: Towards Online Prediction of Loan Defaults Using Sequential Data with LSTMs 1 Introduction 2 Preliminaries and Related Work 2.1 Loan Default Prediction Problem 2.2 Classifiers for Loan Default Prediction 2.3 Ensemble Learning 2.4 Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) 3 Methodology 3.1 Data Preparation and Cleaning 3.2 Method 1-RNN-Based Ensemble 3.3 Method 2—Hybrid DNN-RNN 4 Evaluation and Results 5 Conclusion References Use of Marker-Controlled Watershed Segmentation to Classify Cumulonimbus Cloud with Pre-trained CNN 1 Introduction 2 Different Cloud Types 3 Marker-Controlled Watershed Segmentation 4 Pre-trained CNN (ALEXNET) 5 Proposed Method 6 Implementation 7 Experimental Results 8 Conclusion References Optimizing Drug Schedule for Cell-Cycle Specific Cancer Chemotherapy 1 Introduction 2 Mathematical Formulation of Cell Cycle-Specific Chemotherapy 3 Problem Formulation 4 Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm-II (NSGA-II) 5 Simulations and Results 6 Conclusion References A Review of Feature Extraction Techniques for EEG-Based Emotion Recognition System 1 Introduction 2 Search Process 3 EEG-Based Emotion Recognition System 4 EEG-Based Feature Extraction Methods 4.1 Time Statistical Domain Features 4.2 Frequency Domain 4.3 Time–Frequency Domain 5 Discussions 6 Conclusion References Task Scheduling and Load Balancing Techniques Using Genetic Algorithm in Cloud Computing 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 2.1 Task Scheduling Problem 2.2 Load Balancing 3 Proposed Algorithm 4 Performance Evaluation 4.1 Completion Time 4.2 Execution Cost 5 Conclusion References Riemann Problem in Generalized Chaplygin Gas 1 Introduction 2 Governing Equations 3 Numerical Schemes 3.1 HLL Scheme 4 Results and Discussions 4.1 Solution of Riemann Problem by HLL Scheme 4.2 Nonlinear Wave Propagation Appendix Flux Vector Splitting Vanleer Scheme References Teaching–Learning Perception Toward Blended E-learning Portals During Pandemic Lockdown 1 Introduction 1.1 Overview of Students Enrollment 2 Review of Literature 3 Objectives of the Study 3.1 Research Methodology 4 Data Analysis and Interpretation 5 Conclusion References An Alternative Approach to Compress Text Files Using Fibonacci Sequence and Lucas Series 1 Literature Review 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Lossless Data Compression 2 Proposed Concepts 2.1 Fibonacci Sequence 2.2 Lucas Number 2.3 Lucas Representation 3 Compression and Decompression 3.1 Compression Technique 3.2 Decompression Technique 3.3 Calculation 4 Performance of Proposed Algorithm 5 Graphical Representation of Space Complexity 6 Conclusion References Smart Bin Management System with IoT-Enabled Technology 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Architecture of Smart Bin Management System 3.1 Data Gathering via Nodes 3.2 Processing and Analytics 3.3 Projection and Action of Event 4 Architecture of Smart Bin Management System 4.1 Hardware Implementation 4.2 Software and Cloud 4.3 Real-Time Data Monitoring Console 5 Efficiency over Other Bin Management System 6 Conclusion References Non-living Caretaker as a Medicine Box Based on Medical Equipment Using Internet of Things 1 Introduction 1.1 Objective 1.2 Scope 2 Related Work 2.1 Motivation 2.2 Related Work 3 Proposed Model 3.1 Modules Description 4 Simulation and Result 5 Conclusion and Future Direction References Trends and Advancements in Genome Data Compression and Processing Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 Genome Data Compression: A Literature Survey 3 Genome Data Processing: A Literature Survey 3.1 Repeat Information-Based Approaches for Genomic Data Processing 3.2 Index-Based Approaches for Genomic Data Processing 4 Research Gaps in Genome Data Compression and Processing 5 Conclusion References Identification of Skin Diseases Using Convolutional Neural Network 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Data Collection 2.2 Selection of Deep Learning Models 2.3 Performance Metrics for Classifiers 3 Implementation of CNN 4 Result 5 Conclusion References Gene Sequence Classification Using K-mer Decomposition and Soft-Computing-Based Approach 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Method 2.1 Collection of Data and Preparation of Datasets 2.2 K-mer Decompositions of Gene Sequence 2.3 Training 2.4 Testing 3 Result Discussions 4 Conclusion References Deep CNN Model for Identification of Fruit Disease 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 The Proposed Method 3.1 Convolutional Neural Network 4 Experimental Analysis 4.1 Changing of the Dataset 4.2 Analysis of the Three-Layer Implementations 5 Conclusion References A Survey on Potential Techniques and Issues in 6G Communication 1 Introduction 2 Evolution of Mobile Communication Network 2.1 1G: First Generation 2.2 2G: Global System for Mobile Communication 2.3 3G: Universal Mobile Telecommunication System 2.4 4G: Long-Term Evolution 2.5 5G: Green Communication 3 6G Green Communication: Vision 4 Promising Techniques for 6G Communication 4.1 Spectrum Communication Technique 4.2 New Communication Paradigm 4.3 Fundamental Techniques 5 Problems to Be Resolve in 6G Communication and Their Promising Solutions 5.1 Power Supply Issue 5.2 Network Security 5.3 Hardware Design Issue 6 Conclusion References Impact of COVID-19 in Architecture: A Survey-Based Method for Measuring and Understanding 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Materials and Methods 4 Results 4.1 Practicing Architects Opinion 4.2 Bachelor of Architecture Students’ Feedback 4.3 Architectural Academicians View Point 5 Conclusion References Classification of Human Activities Using Support Vector Machine—A Review 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methods 3.1 Smartphone Sensors 3.2 Data Set 3.3 Feature Extraction 3.4 Classification Algorithms 3.5 Applications of Human Activity Recognition 4 Discussion 5 Conclusion References Smartphone Inertial Sensors-Based Human Activity Detection Using Support Vector Machine 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Approach 3.1 Smartphone Sensors 3.2 Dataset 3.3 Preprocessing of Dataset 3.4 Classification Algorithm—Support Vector Machine 4 Results 5 Conclusion References 475K Dataset 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Understanding Dataset 3.1 Dataset Details 4 Validation 5 Future Scope 6 Conclusions References Docker Security: Architecture, Threat Model, and Best Practices 1 Introduction 2 Docker Architecture 2.1 Docker Daemon 2.2 Docker Client 2.3 Docker Registry 3 Threat Model 4 Docker Security Issues and Solution 4.1 Issues Arising Out of Images 4.2 Issues Arising Out of Docker Misconfiguration 4.3 Issues Arising Out of Network 5 Case Study 5.1 System Configuration 5.2 Attack Scenario: 1 5.3 Attack Scenario: 2 6 Conclusion References Breast DCE-MRI Segmentation for Lesion Detection Using Clustering with Multi-verse Optimization Algorithm 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Related Works 1.3 Objectives 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 DCE-MRI Dataset 2.2 Proposed Method 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Using Linguistically Non-local Punjabi Queries to Search the Global Web 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Keyword Extraction Module 3.2 Query Reformulation Module 4 Test and Results 5 Future Scope 6 Conclusion References A Supervised Learning Approach by Machine Learning Algorithms to Predict Diabetes Mellitus (DM) Risk Score 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Research Methodology 3.1 Data Description 3.2 Feature Score 4 System Implementation 4.1 Missing Values imputation 5 Algorithm Implementation 5.1 Train/Test Split 6 Result Analysis 6.1 Model Performance 7 Conclusion and Future Works References Predicting Road Accident Severity Due to Weather Conditions Using Classification Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Work 2.1 Data Source 2.2 Data Description 2.3 Data Pre-processing 2.4 Splitting of Dataset 3 Classification Algorithms 3.1 Gaussian Naïve Bayes 3.2 Decision Tree Classifier 3.3 Voting Ensemble Method Using Multi-layer Perceptron and Decision Trees Classifier 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Performance Metrics Used to Assess the Model 4.2 Results 5 Conclusion and Future Scope References Heuristics for Generalized Minimum Dominating Set Problem 1 Introduction 2 Heuristics for GMDS 2.1 First Heuristic (H1) 2.2 Second Heuristic (H2) 2.3 Third Heuristic (H3) 2.4 Fourth Heuristic (H4) 2.5 Fifth Heuristic (H5) 2.6 Sixth Heuristic (H6) 3 Computational Results 4 Conclusion References Assessing the Supervised Machine Learning Algorithms for Human Activity Recognition Using Smartphone 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Model Design 3.2 Dataset Description 3.3 Machine Learning Algorithms Applied 3.4 Analysis 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Support Vector Machine Technique to Prognosis Breast Cancer 1 Introduction 2 Support Vector Machine (SVM 2.1 Background 2.2 Support Vector Machine 3 Material and Methods 3.1 Data Source 3.2 Related Work 4 Result and Discussion 4.1 Dataset Columns 4.2 Performance Evaluation 5 Conclusion and Perspectives References Time Dilation in Lorentzian and Modified Euclidean Metrics of Space–time 1 Introduction 2 The Light Cone as Per Lorentzian Metric of Space–time 3 The Light Cone According to the No-Boundary Proposal 4 Conclusions References Exploratory Data Analysis for Predicting Student’s Grades 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Research Methodology 4 Implementation and Results 5 Conclusion and Future Work References The Misleading Implications of the Premise ‘0 = 0’ in the Standard Special Relativity 1 Introduction 2 The Mathematical Premise of the Standard Special Relativity 3 Conundrums of Accepting the Premise ‘0 = 0’ in the Standard Special Relativity 4 Conclusions References Shape-Based Video Watermarking Robust Against Affine Attacks 1 Introduction 2 Affine Projective Area-Invariant Transformation 3 Generating Feature Points Using SIFT 4 Shape Space 5 The Curvelet Transform 6 Video Watermarking 7 Example 8 Conclusion References An Implementation of Single and Multiple Thresholds for Efficient Image Segmentation 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Methodology 4 Results and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Anisotrophic Filter-Based Detection of Brain Tumor 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Proposed Work 4 Module Description 4.1 Anisotropic Filter 4.2 Morphological Operations 4.3 Segmentation 4.4 General Architecture 4.5 Design Phase 4.6 Module Description 5 Implementation and Testing 5.1 Input 5.2 Output 6 Results and Discussions 6.1 Efficiency of the Proposed System 6.2 Results of the Proposed System 7 Conclusion and Future Enhancements 7.1 Conclusion 7.2 Future Enhancements References Health Monitoring System for Diabetic Patients 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Proposed Work 3.1 Data Preprocessing 3.2 Data Splitting 3.3 Training Data 3.4 Test Data 4 Conclusion References Comparative Study of Machine Learning with Novel Feature Extraction and Transfer Learning to Perform Detection of Glaucoma in Fundus Retinal Images 1 Introduction 2 Image Acquisition 3 Image Processing 4 Conventional Machine Learning Algorithms 5 Transfer Learning Algorithms 6 Results and Discussion 7 Conclusion References Detection of Jaundice in Neonates Using Artificial Intelligence 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Method 3 Results and Discussion 4 Conclusion References An Automatic Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitator—A Device for People Affected with Cardiac Arrest 1 Introduction 2 Cardiac Arrest 2.1 Sudden Cardiac Arrest 2.2 Death Rate 3 CPR Procedure 3.1 Automated Chest Compression Device (ACCD) 4 Proposed Methodology 5 System Description 5.1 DC Motor 5.2 Arduino UNO R3 5.3 L293D Motor Driver 6 Working Description 6.1 Chest Compression Device 6.2 Ventilation Support Device 7 Importance and Impact 8 Conclusion 9 Future Work References Dysphagia and Silent Aspiration Monitoring for Patients with Neurological Disorder Using Pharyngeal Deglutitive Biomechanics 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 2.1 Sensors and Circuitry 2.2 Experimental Procedure 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Category 1: Various Bolus Consistencies 3.2 Category 2: Healthy Versus Neurological disorder subjects 4 Conclusion and Future Work References Infrared Thermographic Analysis of Interrelation Between Blood Pressure and Temperature of Forearm for Normal, High and Low BP Subjects 1 Introduction 2 Materials 2.1 Experimental Data Collection 3 Methodology 3.1 Standard Thermal Image Acquisition Protocol 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Temperature Variation in Normal BP, High BP and Low BP subjects at Common Interosseous Artery, Radial Artery and Palmar Arch Regions 4.2 Analysing the Empirical Relationship of Temperature at Common Interosseous Artery, Radial Artery and Palmar Arch Regions for Normal, High and Low Blood Pressure Subjects 5 Conclusion References WSN Routing Based on Optimal and Energy Efficient Using Hybrid Antlion and K-Means Optimization 1 Introduction 2 System Model 3 Proposed Methodology 4 Hybrid K-Means and Alo Clustering Algorithm 5 Result and Discussion 6 Conclusion References Privacy Preserving System and Data Integrity Using Distributed Hash Table in Blockchain 1 Introduction 2 Existing Framework 3 Proposed Framework 3.1 System Architecture 4 Implementation 4.1 Security 5 Conclusion and Future Work References Intelligent Tourniquet System for Emergency AID Using Wireless Network 1 Introduction 2 Tourniquet 3 Working 4 Utilization of Wireless Network 5 Solar Panel 6 Conclusion References Performance Comparison of TDS Controllers for Water Purification System with Dynamic Input 1 Introduction 2 RO Model Estimation 3 Controller Designing 3.1 Proportional Controller P 3.2 Proportional Integral PI 3.3 Proportional Integral Derivative PID 4 Controller Parameter Approximation 5 Conclusion References On Generalized Matrix Summability φ-|U, γ; δ|r of Orthogonal Series 1 Introduction 2 Known Result 3 Lemmas 4 Main Result 5 Corollaries References Security Analysis of SVD-Based Watermarking Schemes and Possible Solutions 1 Introduction 2 Security Analysis of Zear et al. [13] 2.1 Analysis and Discussion 3 Security Analysis of Araghi and Manaf [14] 3.1 Analysis and Discussion 4 Conclusion References Real-Time Wildfire Detection via Image-Based Deep Learning Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Proposed Framework 2.1 CNN Architecture 2.2 Training Algorithm 3 Performance Evaluation Parameters 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Automatic Vehicle Detection from Satellite Images Using Deep Learning Algorithm 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Overview of YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 2.1 Network Architecture 3 Experimental Setup and Comparison Between YOLOv3 and YOLOv4 3.1 Dataset 3.2 Hardware and Software Tools 3.3 Performance Evaluation and Metrics 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Semantic Segmentation of Retinal Blood Vessel with Autoencoders 1 Introduction 2 Dataset 2.1 Image Preprocessing 3 Methodology 4 Result and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Vehicle Trajectory Outlier Detection for Road Safety 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Methodology 4 Implemented System and Results 5 Results 6 Conclusion References Author Index