Integrated Offender Management and the Policing of Prolific Offenders

Description

This book analyses the impact of Integrated Offender Management (IOM) on contemporary policing and separates the rhetoric from the reality. Drawing on a qualitative study within an English police force over two years, this book examines the experiences of prolific offenders, subject to IOM, and sheds light on the culture and practice of the police and staff from other criminal justice agencies, working within the scheme. While IOM has been judged to have had initial successes in reducing the criminal activities of prolific offenders, this book tests the validity of such claims, and considers the apparent disjuncture between policy statements made about the workings of IOM and how IOM policing operations are realized on the ground. It makes a unique contribution to research on police culture and practice, and multi-agency working in the criminal justice system. An accessible and compelling read, this book will appeal to policymakers, as well as students and scholars of criminology, sociology policing, and politics. Cover Endorsement Half Title Series Information Title Page Copyright Page Dedication Table of Contents Acknowledgements Abbreviations Chapter 1 Integrated Offender Management Introduction Crime, Risk and Security A Brief History of Multi-Agency Offender Management in England and Wales Research On Multi-Agency Offender Management in England and Wales The ‘Common Sense’ Notion of Integrated Offender Management IOM: the Basic Framework and Guiding Principles Targeting and Selecting Potential IOM Participants National Refresh Research On IOM IOM Service Delivery Blurring of Professional Roles Effectiveness of IOM The Perspectives of IOM Participants National Delivery of IOM: a Snapshot Sunnyvale IOM Unit Categories of Offenders Subject to Sunnyvale IOM Operationalising Sunnyvale Policing Questions, Theory and Method The Aims and Structure of the Book Notes References Chapter 2 Fairness and Legitimacy Within Integrated Offender Management Introduction Risk-allocation and Police Role in the Management of Sunnyvale Offenders How IOM Police Legitimacy Might Be Won Procedural Justice Is It Possible to Determine Conclusively the Basis of Felt Obligations to Obey? The Problem of ‘Dull Compulsion’ The Bottoms–Tankebe Approach to Police Legitimacy How Does IOM Fit Into the Bottoms–Tankebe Approach? Empirical Support From the Corrections Setting How IOM Police Legitimacy Might Be Lost Conclusions Note References Chapter 3 Police Decision-Making in a Criminal Justice Setting Introduction Structural Determinants of Police Decision-Making: Surround, Field and Frame Surround Field Frames, Working Assumptions and Rules Decision-framing and the Culture of Frontline Police Officers Cop Culture Challenges to Orthodox Accounts of Cop Culture: Does Talk Translate Into Action? Cop Culture and Its Use as an Analytic Concept The Tenacity of Cop Culture Interactions Between Surround, Field and Frames Conclusion Notes References Chapter 4 Mission Orientation: Partnership Working Within Sunnyvale IOM Introduction [Re]defining the Organisational Field: Traditional Relationships, Multi-Agency Partnerships and Integrated Offender Management Past Positions, Values and Historical Challenges Mission Orientation: Partner Agencies as Intelligence Gatherers Convergence and Divergence: Occupational Attitudes and Relationships Cultural Change Police Offender Managers: the Dominance of the Intelligence Gathering Frame Probation Worker Attitudes: Going the Way of the Police New Operational Understandings Attitudes of Prison Officers Working Within the Sunnyvale Structure Drug Worker Attitudes Recalling Offenders to Prison: a Disparity Between Police Officer and Probation Worker Thinking Conclusions Notes References Chapter 5 ‘Still’ Police Officers: The Culture of Policing Within Sunnyvale IOM Introduction The Culture of Police Decision-Making Making Sense of the Talk and Action of Sunnyvale Police Sunnyvale DET Officers: a Desire for Action and an Exaggerated Sense of Mission Police Offender Managers: Redefining Concepts of Action, Excitement and Mission Police Offender Managers: Resisting Change Women Police Within Sunnyvale IOM Sunnyvale DET Officers: Misogynistic Talk, But Not Reflected in Action Police Offender Managers: the Persistence of Old Misogynistic Assumptions Sunnyvale DET Officers and Offender Managers: a General Absence of Racism Sunnyvale DET Officers: Suspicious, Cynical and Pessimistic Police Offender Managers: the Endurance of a Suspicious, Cynical and Pessimistic Outlook Sunnyvale DET Officers: a Sense of Isolation and Mutual Solidarity Sunnyvale Police Offender Managers: an Isolated But Not Mutually Cohesive Group Sunnyvale DET Officers: Authoritarian Attitudes and Conservative Ideologies Conservatism Among Police Offender Managers Conclusions: the Endurance of Cop Culture and the Link Between Sunnyvale Police Talk and Action Notes References Chapter 6 Offender Perceptions of Sunnyvale Policing Introduction Surveillance and the Management of Risk: Some Preliminary Matters Surveillance Technologies Knowledge Sharing and Distribution The Police National Intelligence Model: Structuring IOM Information Sharing Having a Word: Putting Knowledge to Work in Sunnyvale IOM Experiences of People Subject to Sunnyvale Policing The Usual Suspects: Regularity of Contact With Sunnyvale Police Perceived Nature and Quality of Participant Encounters With Sunnyvale Police Negotiating Power-Relations: Cost-Benefit and Prudential Calculations Sunnyvale Police Talk and Action and Its Effect On Normative Cooperation The Nature and Quality of Police–offender Relations and Its Implications for Offender Relations With Other Sunnyvale Workers Sunnyvale Participant Views On Fairness of Sunnyvale Police Action Trust, Legitimacy and Participant Perceptions of Sunnyvale Policing Conclusions Notes References Chapter 7 Old Habits Die Hard Introduction The Rhetoric of IOM and the Realities of Operational Practice Good Cop–bad Cop: Business as Usual in Sunnyvale IOM The Tenacious Link Between Talk and Action: Implications for Police Culture How Did Sunnyvale Offenders Perceive Sunnyvale Police Action? Did a Degree of Perceived Legitimacy Lead to Offender Compliance/cooperation? Challenges for the Rehabilitation of Offenders and Trajectory of IOM Futures of IOM Research Notes References Chapter 8 Reflexive Ethnography: Watching Sunnyvale Police The Significant Contribution of Ethnography to Police Research Negotiating Access to the Sunnyvale Police Organisational Field Becoming Accepted Perceptions of Me: Understanding Sunnyvale Officer Reactions to My Presence in the Field Conceptions of You: How Sunnyvale Police Officers Viewed Their Role, Within the Police Organisation, Mattered to the Trust and Acceptance Process Positioning the Work of Police Offender Managers The Practicalities of Observing ‘Deviant’ Police Officers Exclusionary Practices A Different Role Conception, Resulted in a Different Reaction to the Research Observations of Sunnyvale, Uniformed DET Police Alternative Explanations for Varying Levels of Trust and Acceptance Recording and Interpreting the Field Notes References Index