EKG Teaching Rounds: A Case-Based Guide

Description

This book is a short-form guide designed to fill a training gap in medical education. It is a reference that will help interns and junior residents understand and appropriately respond to real world situations that they will be encountering as newly minted physicians. The book outlines a basic methodology for electrocardiogram (EKG) interpretation and sets a framework for the junior resident physician to use to approach every EKG. It describes common dysrhythmias that residents will often encounter, on the wards, in the emergency department, and in clinic. It uses many high-quality images to prime junior learners in the interpretation and recognition of high yield EKGs. Chapters address commonly encountered pathology, such as atrio-ventricular blocks, tachydysrhythmias, acute coronary syndrome, and syncope. The conversational tone of this book is designed to mimic how staff physicians talk to senior medical students and junior residents, maximizing readability to enhance retention. EKG Teaching Rounds is a case-based book that will quickly become an essential reference text for medical professionals in training who are looking to advance their knowledge of EKG interpretation. This book is relevant for every medical specialty and every level of medical education. Preface Acknowledgments Contents Chapter 1: The Basics 1.1 Rate 1.2 Rhythm 1.3 Axis 1.4 Intervals 1.5 Morphology 1.5.1 Bundle Branch Blocks Right Bundle Branch Blocks (RBBB) Clinical Mix-Up: Brugada Syndrome Versus Right Bundle Branch Block Beyond the Basics: EKG Signs of Right Heart Strain Beyond the Basics: S1Q3T3 Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) Beyond the Basics: The Law of Appropriate Discordance Clinical Mix-Up: LBBB Versus Anterior STEMI Left Ventricular Hypertrophy (LVH) 1.5.2 Clinical Mix-Up: STEMI Versus LVH with Strain Clinical Mix-Up: Limb Lead Reversal Suggested Readings Chapter 2: Conduction Blocks 2.1 Study Time 2.1.1 First-Degree Heart Block 2.1.2 Second-Degree Heart Block Second Degree, Mobitz I Second Degree, Mobitz II 2.1.3 Third-Degree Heart Block 2.2 Clinical Mix Up: Sinus Arrhythmia 2.3 Rounds Suggested Readings Chapter 3: Tachydysrhythmias 3.1 Narrow and Regular 3.1.1 Beyond the Basics: Two Types of SVT: AVNRT and AVRT 3.2 Wide and Regular 3.2.1 Beyond the Basics: Brugada’s Algorithm 3.2.2 Clinical Mix-Up: Accelerated Intraventricular Rhythm (AIVR) 3.3 Narrow and Irregular 3.3.1 Beyond the Basics: Afib with RVR 3.4 Wide and Irregular 3.4.1 Beyond the Basics: Torsades De Pointes 3.4.2 Clinical Mix-Up: Torsades in One Lead… 3.4.3 Beyond the Basics: Polymorphic VTach Trap Suggested Readings Chapter 4: Bradydysrhythmias 4.1 Bradycardia 4.1.1 Beyond the Basics: Cushing’s Reflex (Also Known as Cushing’s Triad) 4.2 Escape Rhythms: Junctional Escape Versus Ventricular Escape 4.2.1 Beyond the Basics: Slow Afib 4.2.2 Beyond the Basics: Bidirectional Ventricular Tachycardia Suggested Readings Chapter 5: Electrolytes 5.1 Hyperkalemia 5.1.1 Clinical Mix Up 5.2 Hypokalemia 5.2.1 Beyond the Basics: Hypokalemia and Hypomagnesemia 5.2.2 Beyond the Basics: R on T Phenomenon 5.3 Hypercalcemia 5.3.1 Beyond the Basics: Osborn Wave 5.4 Hypocalcemia Suggested Readings Chapter 6: Syncope 6.1 D Is for Delta Wave (Wolff-Parkinson-White) 6.1.1 Beyond the Basics: Orthodromic Versus Antidromic Tachycardia 6.2 Q Is for Prolonged QT 6.3 @ Is for AV BLOCKS 6.4 H Is for Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (HCM) 6.4.1 Clinical Mix-Up: Pathologic Q Waves 6.5 E Is for Epsilon Wave (Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy) 6.6 B Is for Brugada Syndrome Suggested Readings Chapter 7: Acute Coronary Syndrome 7.1 The Mostly Straight Forward STEMI 7.2 LBBB and STEMI 7.3 Pre-STEMI Findings on EKG 7.3.1 De Winter T Waves 7.3.2 Wellens Syndrome 7.3.3 Beyond The Basics: The Importance of Serial EKGs 7.4 Right Sided and Posterior EKGs 7.5 STEMI Mimics: Not All that Elevates Requires the Cath Lab 7.5.1 LV Aneurysm 7.5.2 Pericarditis 7.5.3 Benign Early Repolarization (BER) 7.6 Clinical Mix Up: LVH Versus STEMI Suggested Readings Conclusion Index