Advancing Resilient Performance

Description

Resilience Engineering (RE) studies have successfully identified and described many instances of resilient performance in high hazard sectors as well as in the far more frequent cases where people and organisations cope with the uncertainties of daily operations. Since RE was first described in 2006, a steady accumulation of insights and efforts have provided the basis for practical tools and methods. This development has been documented by a series of texts in the Resilience Engineering Perspectives series as well as by a growing number of papers and reports.  This book encapsulates the essential practical lessons learned from the use of Resilience Engineering (RE) for over ten years. The main contents are a series of chapters written by those who have been instrumental in these applications. To increase the value for the reader, each chapter will include: rationale for the overall approach; data sought and reason(s) for choosing; data sources used, data analyses performed, and how recommendations were made and turned into practice. Serving as a reference for practitioners who want to analyse, support, and manage resilient performance, this book also advances research into RE by inquiring why work goes well in unpredictable environments, to improve work performance, or compensate for deficiencies. Contents Contributors About the Editors List of Abbreviations From Resilience Engineering to Resilient Performance 1 Trends in Applications 2 Methods 3 Themes References Development of Resilience Engineering on Worksites 1 A Story That Explains Safety 2 Production Activities and the Relationship Between Safety-I and Safety-II 3 Lessons That Should Be Learned from This Story 4 Questions That Arise 5 People Prefer Shortcuts 6 Becoming a Resilient Person 7 Conclusion References Fatigue Risk Management System as a Practical Approach to Improve Resilience in 24/7 Operations 1 Toward Quantifying Metrics for Engineering Resilience 2 Aggregating the Data 3 Follow-Up and Continuous Improvement 4 Example of Implementation 5 Conclusion References Using the Resilience Assessment Grid to Analyse and Improve Organisational Resilience of a Hospital Ward 1 Introduction 2 Background to the RAG 3 Rationale for the Approach 4 Overview of New Method 5 Phase 1: Understanding Work-as-Done 6 Phase 2: Staff Survey 7 Phase 3: Identifying Potential Improvement Interventions 8 Conclusion References Learning from Everyday Work: Making Organisations Safer by Supporting Staff in Sharing Lessons About Their Everyday Trade-offs and Adaptations 1 Learning from Incidents 2 Rationale for Learning from Everyday Work 3 A Resilience Engineering Approach 4 Hassle Narratives: Capturing Work-as-Done 5 Participation and Feedback: Overcoming the Barriers 6 Long-Term and Short-Term Improvements: Combating Participation Fatigue 7 Staff Ownership: Making Learning a Social Process 8 Case Studies 9 Learning: Practical and Social 10 Conclusion References Reflections on the Experience of Introducing a New Learning Tool in Hospital Settings 1 Developing the Original RETIPS 2 Development of RETIPS 2.0 3 Tool Description 4 Implementation of RETIPS 2.0 5 Reflections on the Pilot Implementation Experience 6 Development and Towards Implementation of RETIPS-Airway Management 7 Reflections on the Overall Experience of Applying RETIPS in a Hospital: What Went Well and What We Learned 8 RETIPS in the Context of a Larger Organizational Learning Framework 9 Conclusion References Resilient Performance in Aviation 1 What is Resilient Performance in Aviation? 2 How is Resilient Performance Currently Developed in Aviation? 3 Advancing Resilient Performance in Aviation 4 Conclusion References Assessing the Impacts of Ship Automation Using the Functional Resonance Analysis Method 1 Maritime Traffic Management and Autonomous Vessels 2 Defining Scenarios for Future Operations 3 Modelling Future Maritime Operations 4 Interactions Between SCC and VTS 5 Interactions Between the Autonomous Vessel and Boarding a Crew 6 Communication, Coordination, and Complexity 7 Opportunities for Enhanced Resilience in Future Traffic Management 8 Conclusion References A Methodological Framework for Assessing and Improving the Capacity to Respond to the Diversity of Situations That May Arise 1 Introduction 2 Rationale for the Overall Approach 3 Basis and Sources of the Framework 4 Theoretical Background 5 Situations of Resilience 6 Performance Indicators 7 Key Elements of the Framework 8 Roles and Responsibilities 8.1 Data Sought and Reason(S) for Choosing 8.2 Data Collection 8.3 Writing and Validation of the Resulting Report 8.4 Recommendations and Action Plans 9 Lessons from the Application of the Framework 10 Conclusion References Addressing Structural Secrecy as a Way of Nurturing Resilient Performance 1 Background 2 Structural Secrecy 3 Other Forms of Secrecy 4 Increasing Knowledge About “What Goes on” 5 Conclusion References The Second Step: Surprise Is Inevitable. Now What? 1 Utility Line Clearance as a Natural Laboratory 2 Work as Done: The Techniques of Resilient Performance in Line Clearance Tree Crews 3 Anticipate, to Prepare for Surprise 4 Ambiguity as an Indicator 5 Monitor Weak Signals, Things Taking a Turn for the Worse 6 Respond to Emergent Risk and Uncertainty 7 Learn from Surprise 8 Summary References Quo Vadis? Reference