Maritime Transport and Regional Sustainability

Description

Maritime Transport and Regional Sustainability is a critical examination of the developing global connections between maritime transport and regional sustainability. This book provides a comprehensive, holistic examination on how the maritime transport sector helps regions to achieve their sustainability goals, especially focusing on the challenges posed by climate change. It analyzes maritime transport from multiple perspectives, establishing a strong theoretical framework drawn on evidence from both the developed and emerging economies across the globe. It identifies commonalities that contribute to a coherent transport-region relationship, including how maritime operations, planning, and management impact regional governance. Tracing the vital threads linking transport to its regional surroundings, Maritime Transport and Regional Sustainability analyses the major issues and challenges that maritime transport researchers, planners, and policymakers face. Cover Maritime Transport and Regional Sustainability Copyright List of figures List of tables Contributors Foreword Part I: Theoretical settings 1 Setting the scene on maritime transport and regional sustainability Introduction Description of different chapters Theoretical settings ( Chapter 2) Adapting to climate change impacts ( Chapters 3–6) Improving environmental performance ( Chapters 7 and 8) Opening up the Arctic seas (Chapters 9–13) Other key issues (Chapters 14–18) Acknowledgments Looking to the future Reference 2 Environmental governance in shipping and ports: Sustainability and scale challenges Introduction—Environmental challenges in shipping and ports Environmental governance—The IMO Role of IMO and main policies Market-based mechanisms IMO targets Environmental governance—Other organizations The national level The port and city level Supranational organizations—The EU Industry and voluntary organizations The role of scale and institutional inertia Conclusion References Part II: Adapting to climate change impacts 3 Storm resilience and sustainability at the Port of Providence, USA Introduction Planning for inundation The Port of Providence, Rhode Island Survey Discussion Conclusions References Further reading 4 Insights from recent economic modeling on port adaptation to climate change effects Introduction Theoretical framework Basic economic issues in existing modeling work Uncertainties affecting port adaptation Port market structure Economic modeling Port demand and pricing decisions conditional on port adaptation Port adaptation investment Discussions on existing theoretical findings Timing of port adaptation investment Uncertainty of disaster and adaptation efficiency Port market structure Avenues for future research Asymmetry in disaster uncertainty and other port features Vertical concession contract between PA and TOCs Positive externality of port adaptation on regional economy Conclusion Acknowledgments References 5 Sustainability cruising and its supply chain Introduction Understand coordination and vertical integration in cruise ports Cruise maritime cluster development—objectives and incentives Responsible cruising and its economic impacts Social, cultural, and environmental externality Challenges to quantify environmental externality Marine environmental efficiency and CSR Quantify environmental efficiency with undesirable output Incentive mechanism in cruise supply chain Contract theory to overcome moral hazard and vulnerability Conclusions References Further reading 6 How does the UK transport system respond to the risks posed by climate change? An analysis from the perspective of adaptati ... Introduction Methodology Adapting planning for climate change in the UK road and rail systems Highways England Network Rail London (Transport for London & Environment Agency) Transport for London Environment Agency Devon County Council Discussion and conclusion Appendix. Basic information of interviewees References Further reading Part III: Improving environmental practice 7 Green port initiatives for a more sustainable port-city interaction: The case study of Barcelona Introduction Relevance of the Port of Barcelona Environmental impact of the Port of Barcelona on the city Environmental initiatives at the Port of Barcelona Results from the evaluation of port initiatives Analysis of NO 2 Analysis of SO 2 Analysis of PM 10 Analysis of PM 2.5 Discussion and conclusion References 8 Climate change adaptation and mitigation in ports Advances in Colombia Context Climate change impacts and ports Climate change, national strategies and ports The Colombian port system Climate change adaptation Mitigation efforts and constructing energy consumption and emissions baseline data Conclusions Acknowledgment References Part IV: Opening up the Arctic seas 9 Navigational risk factor analysis of Arctic shipping in ice-covered waters Introduction Method and data The HFACS framework Fault tree analysis (FTA) Textual data mining approach Accident reports and scientific literature Model and results Ship collision factors analysis under icebreaker assistance HFACS-SICI Ship to icebreaker collision risk factors identification Analysis of ice-ship collision factors in the context of independent navigation Text mining to identify risk factors Identifying ice-ship collision risk factors Navigational risk factors analysis using fault tree model FT modeling for ship collision accidents under icebreaker assistance FT modeling for ice-ship collision in the context of independent navigation Qualitative analysis of collision risk Relationship analysis of different accident scenarios Discussion and conclusion Appendix Acknowledgment References Further reading 10 Assessing the risk of potential oil spills in the Arctic due to shipping Introduction The concept of risk Source, fate and transport, partition, and exposure modeling Addressing uncertainty and variability The scenario The analysis Discussion and conclusions Future work References 11 Future Arctic shipping, black carbon emissions, and climate change Black carbon BC emissions and maritime shipping Localized health impacts International Maritime Organization (IMO) regulatory activities Arctic Council goals Future Arctic shipping emission control measures and cleaner technologies Conclusions References 12 Opportunities and challenges of the opening of the Arctic Ocean for Norway Introduction Benefits and risks of the opening of the Arctic Ocean Benefits and risks of the opening of the Arctic Ocean related to Norway Reduction in shipping distance and vessels’ operation Economic benefits, sea species, infrastructure, and political dispute Conclusion References 13 Climate change, a double-edged sword: The case of Churchill on the Northwest Passage Introduction Case study: The Churchill example The implications Impacts on essential services Impact on grocery Impact on fuel supply Impact on postal services Impact on health care Impact on liquor Other impacts Tourism and commuting cost Employment Psychology effect Opportunities for substitutions The development of Northwest Passage as a potential solution Conclusions References Part V: Other key issues 14 An investigation into the responsibility of cruise tourism in China Introduction Negative effects of cruise tourism The use of shore power in China’s cruise ports Responsible cruise tourism Conclusion References Further reading 15 Government initiatives on transport and regional systems: The development and management of Chinese high-speed rail Introduction Chinese HSR development Ten megacity regions Four trillion RMB (585 billion USD) stimulus package Government support Looking to the future: HSR and regional development Spatial distribution of employment and population An integrated HSR network HSR freight Long-distance international HSR services Conclusion References Further reading 16 Connect or be connected strategy in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative: A Korean case Introduction How to react Korean ports to Chinese overseas port developments b China’s investment in overseas port development along the Maritime Silk Road Ports’ “going global strategy” advocated by the central and local governments Key factors for efficiently connecting Korea to Europe in the context of the BRI Concluding remarks Variables of development priority of ports f Overseas port investment and operation of Chinese enterprises Acknowledgments References Further reading 17 A multiobjective programming model for comparing existing and potential corridors between the Indian Ocean and China Introduction Background Literature review Intellectual merits of this research with scenario settings Structure of this chapter Methodology Objective system Transport cost Energy consumption and GHG emissions Safety Resulting model Model application and analysis Scenario settings Scenario analysis Sensitivity to the weight w j Sensitivity to the safety cost The probability of risks to occur The maintenance cost of pipeline Analysis of return on investment Predicting volume of imports and exports Optimal volume allocation Analysis of return on investment Transport and regional impacts Concluding remarks Acknowledgments References Further reading 18 Mehar method for solving unbalanced generalized interval-valued trapezoidal fuzzy number transportation problems Introduction Ebrahimnejad’s method for transforming an unbalanced generalized IVTrFNTP into a balanced generalized IVTrFNTP Flaws of Ebrahimnejad’s method for transforming an unbalanced generalized IVTrFNTP into a balanced generalized IVTrFNTP Proposed Mehar method for transforming an unbalanced generalized IVTrFNTP into a balanced generalized IVTrFNTP Validity of the proposed Mehar method The obtained dummy supply will be a generalized IVTrFN The obtained dummy demand will be a generalized IVTrFN The obtained dummy supply and dummy demand will be a generalized IVTrFNs Validity of the condition Validity of the condition Validity of the condition Invalidity of the existing result Exact dummy supply and dummy demand for the existing generalized IVTrFNTP Exact results of the existing generalized IVTrFNTP Conclusion References Further reading Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Back Cover