A Clinician's Pearls & Myths in Rheumatology

Description

This book builds upon the first edition with new and improved chapters. The book explores the rich assemblage of clinical wisdom from expert rheumatologists from a wide range of specialties including Vasculitis and Sjogren’s syndrome. It examines the nuggets or ‘pearls’ of wisdom gained from collective clinical experience about the diagnosis or treatment of various diseases whilst also aiming to debunk myths that have influenced the practice of rheumatology by many clinicians. The second edition of A Clinician's Pearls and Myths in Rheumatology is a critical resource for both practitioners and students of rheumatology. This book provides a clear guide for those wishing to take a “deep dive” into the diagnostic and therapeutic elements of rheumatology.  Preface Contents Contributors 1: Rheumatoid Arthritis Early Rheumatoid Arthritis Clinical Features Serological Features and Radiology Risk Factors Disease Assessment Treatment Glucocorticoids, Methotrexate, and Conventional DMARDs Biologic Agents Adverse Effects Comorbidities Immunizations in RA References 2: Rheumatoid Vasculitis References 3: Adult-Onset Still’s Disease References 4: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Diagnosis Clinical Manifestations Systemic JIA Management References 5: Monogenic Autoinflammatory Syndromes Vacuoles, E1 Activating Enzyme, X-Linked Autoinflammatory Somatic Syndrome (VEXAS) Familial Mediterranean Fever Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS) Hyper Immunoglobulin D and Periodic Fever Syndrome Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes Chronic Recurrent Multifocal Osteomyelitis/Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis Cherubism Haploinsufficiency of A20 (HA20) References 6: Juvenile Spondyloarthritis References 7: Axial Spondyloarthritis References 8: Psoriatic Arthritis References 9: Reactive Arthritis References 10: Systemic Sclerosis (Scleroderma) and Raynaud’s Phenomenon Raynaud’s Phenomenon Diagnosis Autoantibodies SSc Overlaps Gastrointestinal Involvement Lung Disease in SSc Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Cardiac Disease in SSc Renal Disease in SSc Arthritis Peripheral Neuropathy in SSc Stem Cell Transplantation References 11: Sjögren’s Disease Nomenclature Diagnosis and Classification Epidemiology Pathogenesis Sicca Features Ocular Manifestations Oral Manifestations Evaluation Major Salivary and Lacrimal Gland Involvement Extraglandular Involvement Laboratory Findings Immunological Assays Differential Diagnosis Prognosis and Outcome Treatment General Measures Systemic Manifestations References 12: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Diagnosis Clinical Features Serology Cutaneous Lupus Lupus Nephritis Neuropsychiatric Lupus General Management Points Treatment References 13: Childhood-Onset SLE and Neonatal Lupus Erythematosus Neonatal Lupus: Pearls and Myths References 14: The Antiphospholipid Syndrome Prevalence of aPL and Classification Criteria Classification Criteria Risk Factors for Thrombosis in APS Morbidity and Mortality Conditions Associated with APS Clinical Manifestations of APS Cutaneous Manifestations Cerebral Manifestations Catastrophic Antiphospholipid Syndrome Novel Clinical Features Treatment Risk Factor Reduction Asymptomatic Patients Thrombotic Events Pregnancy References 15: Reproductive Health in the Rheumatic Diseases General Considerations Medications Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Antiphospholipid Syndrome (APS) Neonatal Lupus Syndromes Rheumatoid Arthritis References 16: Inflammatory Myopathies Dermatomyositis Versus Polymyositis Versus Other Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies (IIM Skin Disease Muscle Enzymes Myositis-Specific Auto-antibodies Imaging Inclusion Body Myositis Toxic Myopathies Treatment References 17: Juvenile Dermatomyositis References 18: Vasculitic Neuropathy Presentation Diagnosis: Electrodiagnostic Studies and Biopsy Pathophysiology Treatment References 19: Pediatric Vasculitis Kawasaki Disease IgA Vasculitis (Formerly Henoch-Schönlein Purpura) Polyarteritis Nodosa References 20: Behçet Syndrome Pearls and Myths: Behçet Syndrome References 21: Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis References 22: Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis Epidemiology Nose, Sinuses, and Ears Subglottic Stenosis Mouth Eyes Lungs Kidneys Bladder Skin Joints Peripheral and Cranial Nerves Central Nervous System Spleen ANCA Treatment and Course References 23: Microscopic Polyangiitis Lungs Kidneys Skin Joints Peripheral and Cranial Nerves ANCA Treatment and Course References 24: Oral Manifestations Associated with Rheumatic Diseases Oral Manifestations of the Rheumatic Diseases Introduction Aphthous and Aphthous-Like Ulcerations Lichenoid Mucosal Lesions Pigmented Mucosal Lesions Gingival Enlargement Salivary Gland Hypofunction Burning Mouth Coated Tongue Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis Osteolysis in Systemic Sclerosis Temporomandibular Joint Disorder Dysphagia Microstomia Giant Cell Arteritis and Jaw Claudication Periodontal Disease Bibliography 25: Cryoglobulinemia References 26: Polyarteritis Nodosa References 27: Giant Cell Arteritis and Polymyalgia Rheumatica GCA: Epidemiology GCA: Signs and Symptoms PMR: Signs and Symptoms GCA: Ophthalmic Symptoms and Findings Laboratory Testing GCA: Imaging Temporal Artery Biopsy Pathology Treatment Glucocorticoids Tocilizumab GCA: Methotrexate PMR Outcomes References 28: Takayasu’s Arteritis References 29: Central Nervous System Vasculitis and Reversible Cerebral Vasoconstriction Syndrome References 30: Thromboangiitis Obliterans References 31: Less Common Vasculitides Cogan’s Syndrome Erythema Elevatum Diutinum Urticarial Vasculitis References 32: Relapsing Polychondritis Ear Involvement Nasal Involvement Respiratory Involvement Other Manifestations Treatments References 33: Fibromyalgia References 34: Clinical Features of Gout References 35: Epidemiology of Gout References 36: Treatment of Gout References 37: CPPD and Other Microcrystalline Disorders Symptoms and Signs Radiology Diagnosis Epidemiology and Genetics Pathophysiology Treatment and Outcomes References 38: Inflammatory Eye Disease Retina Susac Syndrome Central Serous Retinopathy Optic Neuritis Scleritis and Peripheral Ulcerative Keratitis Giant Cell Arteritis Uveitis Orbital Inflammatory Disease Histiocytoses IgG4-Related Disease References 39: Immune-Mediated Inner Ear Disease Definition The Clinical History Physical Findings Auditory and Vestibular Tests Differential Diagnosis Treatment References 40: Osteoporosis: Epidemiology and Assessment Osteoporosis Epidemiology Osteoporosis Diagnosis: Bone Mass Measurement References 41: Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment Osteoporosis Prevention Osteoporosis Treatment References 42: Paget’s Disease of Bone References 43: Lyme Epidemiology/Prevention Diagnosis Lyme Arthritis Post-Lyme Disease Symptoms References 44: Osteoarthritis Myths Pearls References 45: Regional Musculoskeletal Problems Introductory Pearl General Points on Performing Arthrocentesis and Joint Injection Tendinitis: General Points Shoulder Elbow Wrist Hand Coccyx Leg Cramps Hip Knee Ankle References 46: Low Back and Neck Pain Low Back Pain Epidemiology History and Physical Examination Electrodiagnostic and Laboratory Studies Imaging Lumbar Spondylosis Disk Herniation Cauda Equina Syndrome Spondylolisthesis Spinal Stenosis Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) Nonspecific LBP (Idiopathic LBP) Neoplasm Infection Miscellaneous Treatment General Principles Treatment of Acute LBP Treatment of Chronic LBP Treatment of Disk Herniation Treatment of Spinal Stenosis Neck Pain References 47: The Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes References 48: Sarcoidosis References 49: Amyloidosis References 50: IgG4-Related Disease Clinical Findings Pathology Laboratory Studies Imaging Treatment Prognosis References 51: Castleman Disease References 52: Erdheim-Chester Disease References 53: Kikuchi-Fujimoto Disease References 54: Whipple’s Disease Etiology and Epidemiology Immunopathogenesis of Tropheryma whipplei Pathology Clinical Presentation Gastrointestinal Manifestations Rheumatologic Manifestations Neurologic Manifestations Neuromuscular Manifestations Cardiac Manifestations Other Organ Manifestations Diagnosis Treatment Complications References Index