Electroanalytical Applications of Quantum Dot-Based Biosensors (Micro and Nano Technologies)

Description

Quantum dots (QDs) are hybrid organic/inorganic nanoparticles with novel physical properties. QDs have two components: an inorganic core and an optically active coated shell. Moreover, surface coatings can be applied to QDs to modify the particle as needed for experiments. Hydrophilic coatings prevent leaking of metal cargo from the core, enhancing the solubility in biological contexts and bind molecules, such as receptor–ligands, antibodies, therapeutic, and diagnostic macromolecules for enhanced effects. Their high surface-to-volume ratio allows multiple functional groups to attach onto the surface of the particles at constant surface volume. Silicon-, gallium-, indium-, or germanium-based; cadmium-based; and carbon-based QDs have already been used in many applications, such as imaging probes for the engineering of multifunctional nanodevices. Superior properties of QDs make them an excellent system in technology and biotechnology. This book describes electroanalytical applications of QD-based nanobiosensors, including brief information about the synthesis and characterization of QDs and basics of electroanalytical methods, followed by QDs in electrochemical biomimetic sensors, QDs in microchips, inorganic materials doped QDs, QD-based electrochemical DNA biosensors, electroluminescence for biomarker analysis using aptamer-based QDs, QD-based photoelectrochemical techniques, enzyme-based nanobiosensors using QDs, QD-based electrochemical immunosensors, and QD-modified nanosensors in drug analysis. Cover Dedication_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-of-Quantum-Dot-Based-Biosenso Dedication Contents Contributors_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-of-Quantum-Dot-Based-Biosen Contributors Preface_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-of-Quantum-Dot-Based-Biosensors Preface Chapter-1---Quantum-dots--Synthesi_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-of-Qu Quantum dots: Synthesis and characterizations Introduction Classification of QDs Synthesis of QDs Hydrolysis route Sol-gel method Hydrothermal/solvothermal method Exfoliation process Hydrothermal method Microwave-hydrothermal synthesis Laser ablation method Characterization techniques of QDs Conclusions References Chapter-2---Basics-of-electroanalytical-met_2021_Electroanalytical-Applicati Basics of electroanalytical methods and their applications with quantum dot sensors Introduction Electroanalytical methods and their applications with QD sensors Cyclic and linear sweep voltammetry and their applications with molecularly imprinted polymer-based nanosensors Step and pulse voltammetry and their applications with electrochemical DNA biosensors Amperometry and its applications with enzyme-based nanobiosensors EIS and its applications with immunosensors ECL and its applications for biomarker analysis Photoelectrochemical techniques Stripping voltammetric techniques and their applications with QD modified nanosensors in drug analysis Alternating current voltammetry Potentiometry Conclusion References Chapter-3---Quantum-dots-based-sens_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-of-Q Quantum dots-based sensors using solid electrodes Chapter outline Introduction Properties and applications of QDs Solid electrodes and electrode modification techniques via QDs Overview of trends in the construction of sensors with QDs Conclusion Chapter-4---Quantum-dot-based-electrochemical_2021_Electroanalytical-Applica Quantum dot-based electrochemical molecularly imprinted polymer sensors: potentials and challenges Introduction Molecularly imprinted polymers Preparation of molecularly imprinted polymer-based sensors Application of nanomaterials in electrochemical molecularly imprinted polymer sensors Electrochemical readout of molecularly imprinted polymers QD-based electrochemical sensors Permeation of a redox marker Electroactive analytes QD-based photoelectrochemical sensors Conclusions Acknowledgments References Chapter-5---Electrochemical-DNA-bios_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-of- Electrochemical DNA biosensors based on quantum dots Introduction Basic electrochemical characteristics of QDs Methods for QD biofunctionalization in sensor systems Types of QDs and their electrochemical applications for DNA biosensing Cadmium sulfide (CdS) Cadmium selenide (CdSe) Cadmium telluride (CdTe) Zinc oxide (ZnO) Lead sulfide (PbS) Gold QDs Carbon QDs (CDs) Graphene QDs (GQDs) Conclusions and outlook References Chapter-6---Electrochemiluminescent-and-photoele_2021_Electroanalytical-Appl Electrochemiluminescent and photoelectrochemical aptasensors based on quantum dots for mycotoxins and pesticid ... Introduction Mycotoxins Pesticides Light and electricity: Electrochemiluminescence and photoelectrochemistry The principles of electrochemiluminescence The principles of photoelectrochemistry Quantum dots as ECL and PEC materials for bioassays Aptasensors based on quantum dots for food contaminant analysis ECL and PEC aptasensors for mycotoxin analysis ECL and PEC aptasensors for pesticide analysis Conclusions References Chapter-7---Quantum-dots-based-photoele_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications- Quantum dots-based photoelectrochemical sensors and biosensors Introduction Photosensitive materials and mechanisms in PEC analysis Organic photosensitive redox mediators Semiconductor nanomaterials Elemental-doped semiconductor materials Composite materials PEC biosensors Generation or consumption of electron donors/acceptors Steric hindrance of electron donors/acceptors Introduction/release of photosensitive species Energy transfer-based PEC biosensor Conclusion Acknowledgements References Chapter-8---Fabrication-of-quantum-dot-poly_2021_Electroanalytical-Applicati Fabrication of quantum dot-polymer composites and their electroanalytical applications Introduction Typical polymers used in QD-polymer composites and their electroanalytical applications Conducting polymers Molecularly imprinted polymers Other types of polymeric matrices Conclusion and future perspectives References Chapter-9---Enzyme-based-electrochemica_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications- Enzyme-based electrochemical nanobiosensors using quantum dots Introduction A brief history and general properties of enzymes Enzyme classification and nomenclature Enzyme kinetics Enzyme inhibition Generation of enzyme-based electrochemical biosensors Immobilization strategies Applications of quantum dot-modified electrochemical enzyme-based biosensors Conclusions and future perspectives References Chapter-10---Electrochemical-immunos_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-of- Electrochemical immunosensors based on quantum dots Introduction Building blocks of electrochemical immunosensors based on QD Signal amplification strategies Graphene quantum dots Nanocomposites in the construction of QD immunosensors Applications of electrochemical immunosensors based on QD Food, environmental, and agricultural analysis Diagnostic tool for cancer and other disease biomarkers Microorganism and drug analysis Future remarks and conclusions Chapter-11---Electroanalytical-applica_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-o Electroanalytical application of quantum dots in microchips Introduction Direct applications of QDs in bioanalysis Electrochemical applications of microchips by using quantum dots Electrochemical immunosensor-based detection of DNA Cancer applications Biosensor applications of quantum dots References Chapter-12---Electrochemical-application_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications Electrochemical applications of inorganic material-doped quantum dots Introduction Electrochemical applications of heteroatoms-doped quantum dots Electrochemical applications of metal oxide-doped quantum dots Electrochemical applications of metal nanoparticles-doped quantum dots Conclusions Acknowledgments References Chapter-13---Future-prospects-and-concluding_2021_Electroanalytical-Applicat Future prospects and concluding remarks for electroanalytical applications of quantum dots Introduction Synthesis and characterization of quantum dots Future prospects electroanalytical applications of quantum dots Electrochemical nanosensors and biosensors Photoelectrochemical sensors Smart biosensors and nanosensors Concluding remarks References Index_2021_Electroanalytical-Applications-of-Quantum-Dot-Based-Biosensors Index A B C D E F G H I L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Z Back_Cover