On Christian Doctrine, in Four Books

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[Willinsky 2018](https://isidore.co/calibre#panel=book_details&book_id=6729) p. 82 quotes St. Augustine *De doctrina Christiana* (bk. 1, ch. 1):> For all the things which do not give out when given away are not properly possessed when they are possessed but not given away.This ed.'s transl:> For a possession which is not diminished by being shared with others, if it is possessed and not shared, is not yet possessed as it ought to be possessed.[Latin original](http://www.augustinus.it/latino/dottrina_cristiana/index2.htm):> Omnis enim res quæ dando non deficit, dum habetur et non datur, nondum habetur quomodo habenda est.akin to the Dominican " *contemplari et contemplata aliis tradere* " (derived from [*S.T.* III q. 40 a. 1](https://isidore.co/aquinas/summa/TP/TP040.html#TPQ40A1THEP1) ad 2)! Deely's *[Four Ages of Understanding](https://isidore.co/calibre/#panel=book_details&book_id=4151)* argues St. Augustine founded semiotics in *De Doctrina Christiana*.