The One and the Many. The Early History of the Qur'an

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A revelatory account of early Islam’s great diversity by the world’s leading scholar of early Qur’anic manuscripts “There is no one better placed than François Déroche to write the history—and tell the story—of how the Quran went from words uttered by Muhammad to inviolable canonical scripture. This is a meticulous, lucid, and fascinating book.”—Shawkat Toorawa, Yale University According to Muslim dogma, the recited and written text of the Qur’an as we know it today scrupulously reflects the divine word as it was originally sent down to Muhammad. An examination of early Islamic sources, including accounts of prophetic sayings, all of them compared with the oldest Qur’anic manuscripts, reveal that plurality was in fact the outstanding characteristic of the genesis and transmission of the Qur’an, both textually and orally. By piecing together information about alternative wordings eliminated from the canonical version that gradually came to be imposed during the first centuries of Islam, François Déroche shows that the Qur’an long remained open to textual diversity. Not only did the faithful initially adopt a flexible attitude toward the Qur’anic text, an attitude strikingly at odds with the absolute literalism later enforced by Muslim orthodoxy, but Muhammad himself turns out to have been more concerned with the meaning than the letter of the divine message. François Déroche, professor at the Collège de France, is the world’s foremost authority on early Qur’anic manuscripts and a leading scholar of the history of the Arabic book. Malcolm DeBevoise has translated more than forty works from French and Italian in every branch of scholarship. He is a three-time winner of the French-American Foundation translation prize for nonfiction. Cover Half Title Title Copyright Dedication Contents Preface Introduction ONE. The Genesis of the Qur’anic Text and the Sources of Variation TWO. The Qur’an and Orality in the First Decades of Islam THREE. Muslim Tradition on the Early Stages of the Written Transmission of the Qur’an FOUR. The Lesson of the Manuscripts FIVE. Clausulae and the Hadith of the Seven Ahruf Conclusion Glossary A B H I M N Q S U Z Notes Bibliography Illustration Credits Index A B C D E F G H I J J K L M N O P Q R S T U W Y Z