Digital Transformation and Public Policies: Current Issues

Description

The extent of digitalization and the use of digital tools no longer need to be demonstrated. While companies have been integrating the challenges of such a transformation for more than 20 years, the public sector is lagging behind. Digital Transformation and Public Policies studies the mechanisms of the digital transformation of public organizations. It explores how this new deal, driven mainly by platforms, resonates with new public policies and how digital technology is redrawing the relationship between the governors and the governed. This book, the result of transdisciplinary collaboration between researchers, aims to answer these questions by focusing on several cases: public innovation policies, health data and social policies with fiscal microsimulation devices. Cover Title Page Copyright Page Contents Acknowledgments About the Authors Introduction Chapter 1. From Crowdsourcing to Inclusiveness: The European Experience of Innovation Contests 1.1. Open innovation and crowdsourcing: two closely related phenomena 1.2. Platforms, innovation contests and inclusiveness or how to better articulate innovation and society? 1.3. The European context: a proactive approach to open innovation 1.4. European contests and inclusiveness: two case studies 1.4.1. Blockchain for social goods (BCSG): a step towards greater inclusiveness? 1.4.2. Affordable High-Tech for Humanitarian Aid (AHTHA): an attempt to increase cooperation? 1.5. Discussion and conclusion 1.5.1. Contests and mechanisms of co-production of knowledge 1.5.2. A reflection on communities of innovation 1.6. Acknowledgments 1.7. References Chapter 2. The Regulation of Public Data: The Difficult Case of the Health Sector 2.1. Tenfold attraction for health data, new digitized tools: towards truly innovative practices? 2.1.1. A constant quest for data 2.1.2. Health data with an increasingly broad scope 2.1.3. Health data used to serve a reform rhetoric that is not very innovative 2.2. Towards an economic valuation of health data in the name of a sovereignty imperative 2.2.1. Public action and data representation as an economic issue 2.2.2. Towards public–private co-regulation of health data 2.3. A contested regulatory vision 2.3.1. A complex health system 2.3.2. Interministerial rivalries 2.3.3. A professional sector under tension 2.4. Conclusion 2.5. References Chapter 3. Access Policies to Digital Resources of Administration through the Lens of Microsimulation 3.1. From a circumvented closure to a progressive and non-systematic opening of data (1951–2001) 3.1.1. Outside of the administration, researchers who manage to access data in an “informal” way 3.1.2. Incomplete access: the decisive advantage of “Administrative Economists” 3.2. The movement to open up at the turn of the 2010s: from retreat to institutional change 3.2.1. Fiscal revolution and statistical counter-revolution: a movement to close the data 3.2.2. From a relationship of distrust to one of trust: the IPP and the LPR/Lemaire law (2011–2016) 3.3. The movement to open up codes: free consent versus forced freedom 3.3.1. The first steps of an “open source” culture within the administration 3.3.2. Forced openness: the administration ordered to communicate or open up the codes of its microsimulation models 3.4. Discussion: different conceptions of opening up quality? 3.5. References Chapter 4. How to Characterize Public Innovation Platforms? Crossed Perspectives 4.1. Platforms in economics and management 4.1.1. From the platform to the digital platform: definitions and characteristics 4.1.2. Digital platform and a two-sided market 4.2. From innovation intermediation platforms (IIPs) to public innovation intermediation platforms (PIIPs) 4.2.1. Innocentive, a private intermediary innovation platform 4.2.2. Challenge.Gov, an innovation intermediary government platform 4.2.3. First conceptualization of public innovation intermediation platforms (PIIPs) 4.3. The contribution of engineering sciences to the analysis of PIIPs: some directions to explore 4.3.1. The contributions of a process approach 4.3.2. The Open Innovation Platform (OIP): from a characterization in technical terms 4.3.3. ... to a vision in terms of modularity and lifecycle 4.4. Discussion and conclusion 4.5. Acknowledgments 4.6. References Conclusion List of Authors Index EULA