Essentials of Medical Microbiology

Description

This book is prepared according to new MBBS curriculum and the content of the book was modified from the traditional organism-based teaching to system-based teaching. The content has been updated, concised and reshuffled - the three major types of changes incorporated in this edition. Parasitology has also been incorporated into this book under the respective infective syndromes, thus obviates the reading of a separate parasitology book. The reduction of the content is made by keeping the perspective of an Indian medical graduate in mind. The book is categorized into two parts, which is further divided into eleven sections. What is new in this edition? This is the only textbook in ‘Clinical Microbiology’ based on infective syndromes, in accordance with the revised competency based MBBS curriculum. Divided into two parts: (i) General Microbiology, Immunology and Hospital Infection Control and (Il) Systemic Microbiology. Systemic Microbiology (Infectious Diseases)―eight sections, each comprises of a first chapter on clinical infective syndrome followed by several chapters covering detailed information about the etiological agents. Chapters on Clinical Infective Syndromes―represent the first chapter of every Systemic Microbiology section; covers various infective syndromes pertaining to that system in detail. Parasitology has been Incorporated― obviates the reading of a separate book. Various parasitic infections have been discussed under respective infective syndromes. Hospital Infection Control Section―thoroughly updated with the inclusion of new topics such as major HAI types, monitoring of antimicrobial stewardship, escalation vs de-escalation strategy, donning/doffing of PPE and transmission-based precautions. General Microbiology Section―meticulously restructured with the inclusion of general virology, general parasitology and general mycology chapters. General bacteriology is reorganized into a single chapter with several subchapters. Overview Chapters―incorporated in the General Microbiology section, which will help in better understanding of organisms when discussed under Systemic Microbiology. Sterilization and Disinfection Chapter―completely revised based on hospital use of sterilizers and disinfectants; shifted to Hospital Infection Control section. Chapter―a completely new chapter has been added covering in detail about the most catastrophic disease, the . Annexures―expanded to include several new topics such as opportunistic infections, transplant infections, national health programmes for communicable diseases, vector-borne diseases, transfusion-transmitted infections and AETCOM in Microbiology. AETCOM Module―added as a new annexure: covers topics pertaining to confidentiality in disclosing laboratory reports and demonstration of respect for patient samples. Recent Advances―updates made in laboratory diagnosis, treatment guidelines and vaccine prophylaxis of infectious diseases; of note tuberculosis and HIV. Epidemiology Updates on Infectious Diseases Included―recent outbreaks and geographical distribution with special emphasis on Indian epidemiology. References followed from Harrison 20th/ed, Mandell 9th/ed, Bailey & Scott’s 14th/ed, CDC and WHO websites and health care programme/guidelines such as ICMR, NCDC, RNTCP, NACO, NVBDCP, IAP Immunization and GPEI, etc. Inclusion of more tables, flowcharts, real images and schematic diagrams―for better understanding. One weapon, two targets―MBBS exam and PG entrance: Only textbook written in a PG entrance-oriented way so that the matter of textbook does not differ a lot from a PG entrance book (major deficiency with all other Indian UG textbooks). Most features of the previous editions are maintained More content, less pages―handy look, saves student's time. Concise, bulleted format and to-the-point text―easy to read during MBBS examination. Simple and lucid language makes the understanding easy. Separate boxes for summary of laboratory diagnosis and treatment for quick review. Clinical case-based essay questions and MCQs incorporated at the end of each chapter. Cover Prelims Part I: General Microbiology, Immunology and Hospital Infection Control Section 1: General Microbiology 1. Introduction and History 2. Microscopy 3 General Bacteriology 3.1. Bacterial Taxonomy 3.2. Morphology and Physiology of Bacteria 3.3. Laboratory Diagnosis of Bacterial Infections 3.4. Bacterial Genetics 3.5. Antimicrobial Agents and Antimicrobial Resistance 3.6. Pathogenesis of Bacterial Infections 3.7. Overview of Bacterial Infections 4. General Virology and Overview of Viral Infections 5. General Parasitology and Overview of Parasitic Infections 6. General Mycology and Overview of Fungal Infections 7. Normal Human Microbiota 8. Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases Section 2: Immunology 9. Immunity (Innate and Acquired) 10. Antigen 11. Antibody 12. Antigen–antibody Reaction 13. Complement 14. Components of Immune System: Organs, Cells and Products 15. Immune Responses: Cell-mediated and Antibody-mediated 16. Hypersensitivity 17. Autoimmunity 18. Immunodeficiency Disorders 19. Transplant and Cancer Immunology 20. Immunoprophylaxis Section 3: Hospital Infection Control 21. Healthcare-associated Infections 22. Major Healthcare-associated Infection Types 23. Sterilization and Disinfection 24. Biomedical Waste Management 25. Needle Stick Injury 26. Antimicrobial Stewardship 27. Environmental Surveillance (Bacteriology of Water, Air and Surface) PART II: SYSTEMIC MICROBIOLOGY (INFECTIOUS DISEASES) Section 4: Bloodstream and Cardiovascular System Infections 28. Cardiovascular System Infections 29. Bloodstream Infections 30. Enteric Fever (Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi) 31. Rickettsial Infections 32. Miscellaneous Bacterial Bloodstream Infections: Brucellosis, Leptospirosis and Borreliosis 33. HIV/AIDS 34. Viral Hemorrhagic Fever (VHF) Arboviral VHF (Dengue, Chikungunya and Others), Filoviral VHF (Ebola and Marburg Virus), Hantaviral and Other Agents of VHF 35. Malaria and Babesiosis 36. Visceral Leishmaniasis and Trypanosomiasis 37. Lymphatic Filariasis 38. Systemic Candidiasis and Systemic Mycoses Section 5: Gastrointestinal Infections 39. Gastrointestinal Infective Syndromes 40. Food Poisoning 41. Gastrointestinal Infections due to Enterobacteriaceae 42. Cholera, Halophilic Vibrio and Aeromonas Infections 43. Miscellaneous Bacterial Infections of Gastrointestinal 44. Viral Gastroenteritis 45. Intestinal Protozoan Infections 46. Intestinal Helminthic Infections Section 6: Hepatobiliary System Infections 47. Infective Syndromes of Hepatobiliary System and Abdomen 48. Viruses Causing Hepatitis 49. Parasitic Infections of Hepatobiliary System Section 7: Skin, Soft Tissue and Musculoskeletal System Infections 50. Infective Syndromes of Skin, Soft Tissue and Musculoskeletal Systems 51. Staphylococcal Infections 52. Beta-hemolytic Streptococcal Infections 53. Gas Gangrene (Clostridium perfringens) and Infections due to Non-sporing Anaerobes 54. Leprosy 55. Miscellaneous Bacterial Infections of Skin and Soft Tissues 56. Viral Exanthems and Other Cutaneous Viral Infections 57. Parasitic Infections of Skin, Soft Tissue and Musculoskeletal System 58. Fungal Infections of Skin, Soft Tissue and Musculoskeletal System Section 8: Respiratory Tract Infections 59. Infective Syndromes of Respiratory Tract 60. Bacterial Pharyngitis 61. Bacterial Lobar Pneumonia 62. Bacterial Atypical (Interstitial) Pneumonia 63. Tuberculosis and Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections 64. Pertussis (Bordetella pertussis) 65. Infection due to Non-fermenting Gram-negative Bacilli 66. Myxovirus Infections of Respiratory Tract 67. Coronavirus Infections Including Covid-19 68. Miscellaneous Viral Infections of Respiratory Tract 69. Parasitic and Fungal Infections of Respiratory Tract Section 9: Central Nervous System Infections 70. Infective Syndromes of Central Nervous System 71. Bacterial Meningitis 72. Tetanus 73. Viral Meningitis and Myelitis 74. Viral Encephalitis and Encephalopathy 75. Parasitic and Fungal Infections of Central Nervous System Section 10: Urogenital Tract Infections 76. Infective Syndromes of Urinary Tract 77. Infective Syndromes of Genital Tract Section 11: Miscellaneous Infective Syndromes 78. Ocular and Ear Infections 79. Congenital Infections 80. Organisms with Oncogenic Potential 81. Zoonotic Infections Annexures 1. Opportunistic Infections 2. Post-transplantation Infections 3. Emerging and Re-emerging Infections 4. Bioterrorism—Biological Warfare 5. Laboratory-acquired Infections 6. National Health Programmes for Communicable Diseases 7. Vector-borne Infections and Ectoparasite Infestations 8. Transfusion-transmitted Infections 9. AETCOM in Microbiology 10. Pandemic Management Index