Mobile Data Visualization

Description

Mobile Data Visualization is about facilitating access to and understanding of data on mobile devices. Wearable trackers, mobile phones, and tablets are used by millions of people each day to read weather maps, financial charts, or personal health meters. What is required to create e­ffective visualizations for mobile devices? This book introduces key concepts of mobile data visualization and discusses opportunities and challenges from both research and practical perspectives. Mobile Data Visualization is the first book to provide an overview of how to e­ffectively visualize, analyze, and communicate data on mobile devices. Drawing from the expertise, research, and experience of an international range of academics and practitioners from across the domains of Visualization, Human Computer Interaction, and Ubiquitous Computing, the book explores the challenges of mobile visualization and explains how it diff­ers from traditional data visualization. It highlights opportunities for reaching new audiences with engaging, interactive, and compelling mobile content. In nine chapters, this book presents interesting perspectives on mobile data visualization including: how to characterize and classify mobile visualizations; how to interact with them while on the go and with limited attention spans; how to adapt them to various mobile contexts; specific methods on how to design and evaluate them; reflections on privacy, ethical and other challenges, as well as an outlook to a future of ubiquitous visualization. This accessible book is a valuable and rich resource for visualization designers, practitioners, researchers, and students alike. Cover Half Title Series Page Title Page Copyright Page Contents Preface Editors Contributors Acknowledgments CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Mobile Data Visualization 1.1. INTRODUCTION 1.2. CHARACTERIZING DIMENSIONS 1.2.1. Physical Data Display Size 1.2.2. Data Display Mobility 1.2.3. Data Source 1.2.4. Reaction of Visualization to Display Movement 1.2.5. Intended Viewing Timespan 1.2.6. Visualization Interaction Complexity 1.2.7. Intended Sharing 1.3. TYPICAL EXAMPLES OF MOBILE DATA VISUALIZATION 1.3.1. Early Mobile Data Visualizations for PDAs 1.3.2. Mobile Data Visualizations for Smartwatches 1.3.3. Handheld Mobile Data Visualizations 1.3.4. Mobile Data Visualizations on Tablet Devices 1.4. EDGE CASES OF MOBILITY-RELATED VISUALIZATIONS 1.4.1. Self-propelled Visualizations 1.4.2. Micro-mobility for Visualization 1.4.3. Mobile Data Visualizations in Multi-display Environments 1.4.4. Large Movable Displays 1.5. SUMMARY AND REFLECTIONS REFERENCES CHAPTER 2: Responsive Visualization Design for Mobile Devices 2.1. CONTEXT 2.2. RESPONSIVE DESIGN VS. RESPONSIVE VISUALIZATION DESIGN 2.3. FACTORS IMPACTING VISUALIZATION DESIGN ON MOBILE DEVICES 2.3.1. Device Factors 2.3.2. Usage Factors 2.3.3. Environmental Factors 2.3.4. Data Factors 2.3.5. Human Factors 2.3.6. Sensing and Inferring Multiple Factors 2.4. RESPONSIVE VISUALIZATION DESIGN STRATEGIES 2.4.1. Scale 2.4.2. Aspect Ratio 2.4.3. Layout 2.4.4. Level of Detail 2.4.5. Amount of Data 2.4.6. Annotation and Guides 2.4.7. Attentional Cues and Dynamic Guides 2.4.8. Animation and Streaming Data 2.4.9. Visual Encoding 2.4.10. Interaction 2.5. CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES 2.5.1. Develop Once, Deploy to Many 2.5.2. Guidelines for Responsive Visualization 2.5.3. Evaluating Responsiveness 2.5.4. Authoring Support 2.5.5. Responsiveness for New Devices 2.5.6. Cross-device Responsiveness 2.5.7. From Technical to Contextual Responsiveness 2.5.8. Make Responses Understandable 2.6. SUMMARY REFERENCES CHAPTER 3: Interacting with Visualization on Mobile Devices 3.1. FOUNDATIONS 3.1.1. Interacting with Visualization 3.1.2. Interacting with Mobile Devices 3.2. OVERVIEW 3.2.1. Touch Interaction 3.2.2. Spatial Interaction 3.2.3. Voice Interaction 3.3. FUTURE OPPORTUNITIES 3.3.1. Consistency and Expressivity 3.3.2. Multimodal Interaction 3.3.3. Multi-device Interaction 3.3.4. Visualization Authoring 3.3.5. Inspiration from Mobile HCI 3.4. SUMMARY REFERENCES CHAPTER 4: 3D Mobile Data Visualization 4.1. INTRODUCTION 4.2. NEED FOR 3D MOBILE DATA VISUALIZATION 4.3. PROGRESS TOWARD 3D MOBILE DATA VISUALIZATION: A MOVING 4.4. MOTIVATING USE CASE 4.4.1. An Example: 4.4.2. Analysis of the Example: Different Kinds of Mobility 4.5. CHALLENGES OF 3D MOBILE DATA VISUALIZATION 4.6. A DESIGN SPACE FOR 3D MOBILE DATA VISUALIZATION 4.7. EXPLORATION OF RELEVANT CONFIGURATIONS OF OUR DESIGN 4.7.1. Volumetric Data on Non-Stereoscopic Displays 4.7.2. Volumetric Data on Stereoscopic Displays 4.7.3. Non-Volumetric Data on Stereoscopic Displays 4.8. LESSONS LEARNED: COULD THE MARINES BE SAVED? 4.9. CONCLUSION REFERENCES CHAPTER 5: Characterizing Glanceable Visualizations: From Perception to Behavior Change 5.1. INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT 5.2. PERSPECTIVES ON GLANCEABILITY 5.2.1. Glanceability in Vision Science 5.2.2. Glanceability in Visualization 5.2.3. Glanceability in Ubiquitous Computing 5.2.4. Summary 5.3. CHARACTERISTICS OF GLANCEABLE VISUALIZATIONS 5.3.1. Presence and Access 5.3.2. Simplicity and Understandability 5.3.3. Suitability and Purpose 5.3.4. Summary 5.4. EVALUATION OF GLANCEABLE VISUALIZATIONS 5.4.1. Evaluations in the Lab 5.4.2. Online Experiments 5.4.3. Evaluations in the Field 5.4.4. Summary 5.5. DISCUSSION AND FUTURE CHALLENGES 5.6. CONCLUSION REFERENCES CHAPTER 6: Evaluating Mobile Visualizations 6.1. INTRODUCTION 6.2. BACKGROUND 6.3. METHOD 6.4. FRAMEWORK 6.5. EVALUATION METHODS 6.5.1. Perception 6.5.2. Usability 6.5.3. Feasibility 6.5.4. Understanding 6.5.5. Reflection and Insights 6.5.6. Behavior Change 6.6. DISCUSSION REFERENCES CHAPTER 7: Challenges in Everyday Use of Mobile Visualizations 7.1. INTRODUCTION 7.2. EVERYDAY INTERACTION CHALLENGES OF MOBILE VISUALIZATIONS 7.2.1. From Being Informed to Information Overload 7.2.2. Fewer Opportunities for Interaction 7.3. EVERYDAY PRIVACY CHALLENGES OF MOBILE VISUALIZATIONS 7.3.1. Violating Privacy Expectations 7.4. EVERYDAY ETHICAL CHALLENGES OF MOBILE VISUALIZATIONS 7.4.1. Low Visualization Literacy 7.4.2. Limited Resources Lead to Missing Context 7.4.3. Persuasive Mobile Visualizations Can Foster Behavior Change, But Not Always 7.5. DISCUSSION 7.6. CONCLUSION REFERENCES CHAPTER 8: Mobile Visualization Design: An Ideation Method to Try 8.1. INTRODUCTION 8.2. RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER DESIGN METHODOLOGIES 8.3. MOBILE VISUALIZATION IDEATION METHODOLOGY 8.4. IDEATION ACTIVITIES—MOBILE VISUALIZATION FUTURES 8.4.1. Approach 1: One Person with In Situ Notes 8.4.2. Approach 2: One Person with Post Hoc Notes 8.4.3. Approach 3: Two or More People in Discussion 8.4.4. Approach 4: Larger Group with Ideation in Stuttgart 8.5. DISCUSSION 8.6. CONCLUSION 8.7. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS REFERENCES CHAPTER 9: Reflections on Ubiquitous Visualization 9.1. INTRODUCTION AND CONTEXT 9.2. APPROACH 9.3. WESLEY WILLETT ON EMBEDDED DATA REPRESENTATIONS 9.4. NIKLAS ELMQVIST ON UBIQUITOUS ANALYTICS 9.5. SEAN WHITE ON SITUATED AUGMENTED REALITY 9.6. YVONNE ROGERS ON VISUALIZATIONS FOR SOCIAL EMPOWERMENT 9.7. DISCUSSION AND OVERALL REFLECTION 9.7.1. Mobile versus Ubiquitous Visualization 9.7.2. Challenge: Information Overload 9.7.3. Challenge: People Looking Down at Their Mobile Devices 9.7.4. Opportunity: Mobile Displays as a Way to Envision the Future 9.7.5. The Web as a Technology Platform 9.7.6. How Will We Interact with Ubiquitous Visualization? 9.8. SCENARIOS FOR UBIQUITOUS VISUALIZATION 9.9. REVISITING THE DIMENSIONS OF MOBILE VISUALIZATION 9.9.1. Reflecting on the Dimensions of Mobile Visualization from Our Interviews 9.9.2. Expanding the Dimensions with Context 9.10. CONCLUSION REFERENCES Index