Nutrition and Human Reproduction

Description

This book is the product of the Conference on Nutrition and Human Reproduction, supported and organized by the National Insti­ tutes of Child Health and Human Development, and held at the National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, in February 1977. The genesis of this Conference came from the work of the Subcommittee on Nutrition and Fertility of the Committee on International Nutrition Programs of the National Research Council. The purpose of the Conference was to assemble scientists and program planners from a broad range of fields including nutrition, epidemiology, demography, endocrinology, sociology, economics, anthropology, biostatistics and public health. Each individual brought his or her analytical skills and perspective to the meeting, with the goal of developing a more coherent picture of the many facets of nutrition and reproduction. The approach was to get a more comprehensive view by: 1. Clarifying terminology and definitions. 2. Reviewing recent and current work on the biological basis for nutrition-fertility interactions. 3. Reviewing biomedical and socioeconomic factors related to breast-feeding to assess how this practice relates to maternal and infant nutrition and fertility. 4. Assessing some current analytical models for defining nutrition-fertility interrelationships. 5. Reviewing recent field studies from Africa, Asia and Latin America which are examining the interrelationships of nutrition and reproduction. Front Matter....Pages i-ix Issues, Definitions, and an Analytic Framework....Pages 1-7 Introductory Statement....Pages 9-10 The Maintenance of Infecundity in Postpartum Women....Pages 11-27 Impact of Malnutrition on Reproductive Endocrinology....Pages 29-60 The Effect of Oral Contraceptives on Micronutrients....Pages 61-85 Introductory Statement....Pages 87-90 Nutrition, Fatness and Fertility: The Effect of Food Intake on Reproductive Ability....Pages 91-122 Famine and Fertility....Pages 123-145 Effect of Maternal Nutrition on Infant Mortality....Pages 147-174 Introductory Statement....Pages 175-177 The Impact of Prolonged Breast-Feeding on Birth Intervals and on Postpartum Amenorrhoea....Pages 179-195 Maternal Nutrition, Breast-Feeding and Infant Survival....Pages 197-229 Economic Aspects of Breast-Feeding....Pages 231-255 Introductory Statement....Pages 257-259 Reproductive Models in the Study of Nutrition-Fertility Interrelationships....Pages 261-311 Fecundability and Contraceptive Opportunities....Pages 313-323 Malnutrition in Central Africa....Pages 325-343 Introductory Statement....Pages 345-352 The Influence of Nutrition on Fertility....Pages 353-363 Relations between Birth Intervals and Nutrition in Three Central African Populations (Zaire)....Pages 365-384 Nutrition and Birth Interval Components: The Guatemalan Experiences....Pages 385-399 Effect of Maternal Nutrition on Fertility in Rural Bangladesh....Pages 401-410 Variations in Fertility with Breast-Feeding Practice and Contraception in Urban Filipino Women: Implications for a Nutrition Program....Pages 411-432 A Study of Birth Interval Dynamics in Rural Java....Pages 433-459 Economic Determinants of Breast-Feeding Behavior: The Case of Rural Households in Laguna, Philippines....Pages 461-497 Back Matter....Pages 499-515