The Medieval Military Orders 1120–1314

Description

Cover......Page 1 Half Title......Page 2 Title Page......Page 4 Copyright Page......Page 5 Dedication......Page 7 Table of Contents......Page 8 Acknowledgements......Page 11 Publisher’s acknowledgements......Page 12 Who’s who......Page 13 Glossary......Page 18 Maps......Page 20 PART ONE ANALYSIS......Page 24 INTRODUCTION......Page 26 Introduction......Page 33 The legacy of the First Crusade......Page 34 The development of the Latin East and the origins of the Templars......Page 35 Secular and religious knighthood......Page 37 Reactions to the new knighthood (contemporary attitudes 1)......Page 38 Further reading......Page 40 The origins and militarisation of the Hospitallers......Page 41 Templar and Hospitaller resources in the west (finances 1)......Page 44 Castles and fortifications (military activities 1)......Page 47 The Holy Land, 1144–1170......Page 50 The military orders at the time of William of Tyre (contemporary attitudes 2)......Page 52 The fall of Jerusalem......Page 54 Further reading......Page 57 Chronology......Page 58 The introduction of the military orders into the Iberian Peninsula......Page 59 The Spanish military orders and the reconquest, 1157–1195......Page 60 Frontier revenue: Iberia and the Holy Land (finances 2)......Page 64 The struggle for Spain, 1195–1232......Page 67 The struggle for Spain, 1195–1232......Page 69 Expansion and appeal of the Holy Land, 1233–1300......Page 72 Further reading......Page 75 Chronology......Page 76 1188–1228: the struggle for the Eastern Mediterranean......Page 77 Conflicts of interests (patrons 2)......Page 80 Competition between military orders......Page 83 1230–1260......Page 85 The economics of defeat (finances 3)......Page 88 Decline and fall, 1260–1291......Page 90 Further reading......Page 93 Chronology......Page 94 Background......Page 95 Eastern frontlines......Page 96 Relations with the papacy (patrons 3)......Page 101 The Teutonic Knights and the eastern frontier......Page 103 Dividing resources (finances 4)......Page 108 Further reading......Page 111 Chronology......Page 112 The military orders as a form of monasticism......Page 113 Central control......Page 115 Careers and life-cycle......Page 118 Daily life......Page 122 Piety and identity......Page 125 The military orders in the field (military activities 2)......Page 128 Medical roles......Page 130 Women and the military orders......Page 133 Further reading......Page 134 The military orders in a changing world......Page 136 Politics, regional concerns and local elites (patrons 4)......Page 137 Crusaders and pilgrims......Page 140 Heresy, mendicants and political crusading......Page 144 Attitudes to the military orders in the Holy Land befoe 1291 (contemporary attitudes 3)......Page 147 Further reading......Page 150 The Eastern Mediterranean following the fall of Acre......Page 152 The Trial of the Templars (patrons 5)......Page 154 The other military orders at the time of the Trial......Page 159 Further reading......Page 163 PART TWO DOCUMENTS......Page 166 1 Bernard of Clairvaux’s treatise for the Templars entitled In Praise of the New Knighthood (1130s)......Page 167 2 The foundation of the order of Calatrava......Page 176 3 Prince Bohemond III of Antioch offers properties to the order of Santiago in return for their assistance (September 1180)......Page 177 4 Pope Innocent III confirms the treaty between the Swordbrethren and the bishop of Riga......Page 179 5 Hermann von Salza’s letter to Pope Gregory IX concerning his actions on crusade (late March 1229)......Page 180 6 Pope Gregory IX encourages the faithful to support the Teutonic Knights in their construction of Montfort (10 July 1230)......Page 182 8 Eberhard of Sayn, visitor of the Teutonic Knights, outlines the arrangements for the organisation of the order in Prussia and its responsibilities to master and chapter in the Holy Land......Page 184 10 King James II of Aragon demands that the Templars help to defend his kingdom against Castile (17 August 1300)......Page 187 SOURCES FOR THE MILITARY ORDERS......Page 189 REFERENCES......Page 194 INDEX......Page 199