The Dynamics of Conflict and Peace in Contemporary South Asia: The State, Democracy and Social Movements

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Cover Half Title Series Page Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents List of Contributors List of Figures List of Tables Introduction Part I Democracy, state, and religion Part II Democratization and social movements Part III How does a conflict end? Note References Part I: Democracy, state and religion Chapter 1: Democracy and vigilantism: The spread of Gau Rakshaks in India The question: Indian democracy in crisis Arguments on vigilantism in India Development of militant vigilante groups Typology of militant vigilante groups Maoist/Naxalite movements Ranvir Sena Salwa Judam Gau Rakshaks Case 1: cow protection group Case 2: Hindu Yuva Vahini Conclusion: the meaning for Indian democracy Acknowledgments Notes References Law Secondary References Chapter 2: Creating majoritarian democracy: Bharatiya Janata Party in the 2017 Legislative Assembly election in Uttar Pradesh Electoral politics in UP and BJP victory in the 2017 Legislative Assembly elections Party politics in UP: 1989–2017 Victory of the BJP in the 2017 Legislative Assembly Election Methodology Statistical analyses of the party performance in three elections BJP BSP SP in the 2012 and 2014 elections Congress in 2012 and 2014 elections SP and Congress in the 2014 and 2017 elections Concluding remarks Notes References Chapter 3: Practicing the right to indifference: Secularism, toleration, and Islamophobia in Indian and American national subjectivities Imagining nationalist universalisms and particularisms Toleration and religious liberty Indian Islamophobia and anti-Muslim sentiment American Islamophobia and anti-Muslim sentiment The right to indifference Notes References Chapter 4: State and violence in Burma/Myanmar: The Rohingya crisis and its implication for South and South-East Asia Theoretical framework The facts about the state of violence on the Rohingya The Myanmar state narratives: politics of labelling Implications for South and South-East Asian countries Bangladesh Rivalry between regional powers Militancy, extremism and terrorism Conclusion References Part II: Democratization and social movements Chapter 5: Manifestation of Dalit rights, justice and Dalit-ness in the post-Mandal era Diluted Dalit rights and justice Situating Dalit movements in the post-Mandal era Manifestation of Dalit-ness Embarrassment about stigmatized labor Schooling experience: learning about one’s caste ancestry and reservation policies Solidarity or exclusion? Rising awareness of the “role model” and “moral imperative” Acknowledgments Notes References Chapter 6: Homogenization of social movement dynamics under a “clever” Nepali state, 2007–2012 The historico-political context and social movements Janajati movements Madhesi movements Other movements Making sense of the movements and the agreements Notes References Chapter 7: Abul Sattar Edhi: The modern incarnation of a Pacifist Sufi Early life: influences of socialism, corporate world and Islam Beginning of charity work The establishment of the Edhi Foundation (1974): a brief overview of its activities between 1974 to date Conclusion Notes References Chapter 8: Movements of flats and citizens: Notes on spatial politics in Mumbai Middle-class citizens and urban development Generating inside/outside Contact with public and private Inside as mine/self History of Bombay flats Expanding inside? ALM and the civic realm Advanced Locality Management Inside as invited space Inside as self and negotiation with the outside Negotiating inside and outside Notes References Part III: How does a conflict end? Chapter 9: Life beyond the paradox: Peace, ethnic conflict, and everyday realities of Chittagong Hill Tracts, Bangladesh 1 Theoretical discussions: investigating the paradox in peace discourses Identifying the local people: are they homogenous? The milieu of conflict in CHT Bengali resettlement: a cause of cultural violence Changes in the names of localities The rise of Bengali dominated economy: the relationship between culture and economy Colonial legacy towards (re-)establishing the cultural rights Peace paradox: everyday life experiences of local people Conclusion Notes References Chapter 10: Communities and mediation in post-conflict Nepal Post-conflict Mediation Communities Tikapur incident Elections Barghar system, “a traditional form of self-governance among the Tharus” Production of collectivities after conflict Notes References Chapter 11: Maps, migration, melancholia A map that has been: love and loss Notes References Index