Water in Circular Economy

Description

This book presents possible solutions for a circuler economy (CE)  in the water and wastewater sector through an inventory of multidisciplinary knowledge with high scientific and practical importance which can contribute to support the transition to the CE model in water and wastewater sector.  Water in modern studies exceeds being an important source for irrigation and drinking. It is now a significant source of renewable energy and a catalyst in most industrial and manufacturing products. The protection and sustainable management of water resources and water-based waste (as wastewater, sewage sludge, or sewage sludge ash) are important aspects of the CE, which is defined as a regenerative growth model that gives back to the planet more than it takes. Our book, entitled "Water in Circular Economy", delivers a comprehensive overview of the latest research covering the following aspects of water management from the perspective of the CE implementation:  ·       Water as a key resource in the circular economy; ·       Innovative solutions in transition to the circular economy in water and wastewater sector; ·       Monitoring of circular economy implementation in water and wastewater sector. Introduction Contents About the Editors Water as Key Resource in Circular Economy 1 Impact of Climate Change on Water Status: Challenges and Emerging Solutions Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 3.1 Water Consumption Worldwide and Implementation in Vital Sectors 3.2 Water Crisis and Driving Factors 3.3 Impact of Climate Change on Water Cycle 3.4 Impact of Climate Change on Water Resources 3.5 Impact of Climate Change on Water Availability and Quality 3.6 Circular Economy as an Efficient Water Management Framework 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References 2 Integrated Water Management—Directions of Activities and Policies Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Integrated Water Resources Management 3 European Policies for Water 4 American Policies for Water 4.1 United States of America 4.2 Canada 4.3 Latin America and the Caribbean 5 Africa 6 Australian Policies for Integrated Water Management 7 Conclusions and Recommendations References 3 Circular Water Management in Smart Cities Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Basic Definitions and Scope of the Analysis 3 Differences in the Linear and Circular Approach to Water Management 4 Stages of the Water Life Cycle as Part of a Circular Economy Model 5 Circular Water Management Projects and Practices in Smart City 5.1 xRs Approaches 5.2 Practices and Projects in Smart City 6 Perspectives for the Implementation of Circular Water Management in Smart Cities of the Future 7 Conclusions References 4 The Influence of Mineral Parameters on the Geochemistry of Heavy Metals in Bottom Sediments Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References 5 Sustainable Water Use in Agriculture—Circular Economy Approach Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Hydrological Cycle 3 Bibliographic Resume of Sustainable Water Use in Agriculture (SWUA) 4 Water Management and Smart Farming 5 Micro-Irrigation for Sustainable Agriculture—The Case of India Acknowledgements References Innovative Solutions in the Transition to Circular Economy in Water Sector 6 Advanced Treatment Technologies in Removal of Pollutants from Water and Wastewater Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Conventional Water and Wastewater Treatment Systems 2.1 Conventional Water Treatment 2.2 Conventional Wastewater Treatment 3 Recent Developments in Water and Wastewater Treatment Technologies 3.1 Membrane Filtration Technologies 3.2 Microalgal Wastewater Treatment 3.3 Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC) for Wastewater Treatment 3.4 Adsorption 3.5 Advanced Oxidation Processes 4 Conclusions and Outlook References 7 The Role of Water Recycling in Building a Circular Economy in the Textile Industry Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Textile Wastewater Characteristic 3 Textile Wastewater Treatment 4 Quality in Water Recycling 5 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 8 Resource Recovery from Urban Flood, Municipal and Industrial Wastewaters in the Context Remediation Technologies and Circular Economy Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Sustainable Urban Drainage Systems for Collection of Stormwaters—Water Treatment in Constructed Wetland Using Macrophytes 3 Potential Role of Aquatic Plants in Phytotechnology for Waste Water Treatment 4 Microalgae Value Chain—Resource Recovery from Urban Flood, Municipal and Industrial Wastewaters 5 Phytoremediation of Brilliant Blue Green Dye Contaminated Water Using Canna Indica L 6 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 9 Preliminary Microbiological Risk Assessment for Local Water Reuse in a Small MBR Wastewater Treatment Plant Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 10 Can Remote Sensing Be a Useful Tool to Increase Water Reuse in Agriculture? Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Water: Biggest Agriculture Challenge 3 Reclaimed Water Reuse in Precision Agriculture 4 Application of Remote Sensing in Precision Agriculture 5 UAVs Remote Sensing for Reclaimed Water 6 Conclusion References 11 Nutrients Recovery in the Water and Wastewater Sector Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methods and Mechanism 3 Analysis and Discussion 4 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 12 Technologies for Nutrient Recovery from Municipal Wastewater Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Nutrient Content of Wastewater (Nutrient Concentrations in Wastewater) 3 Possibilities of Nutrients Recovery from Wastewater 4 Nutrient’s Recovery Techniques 5 Discussion 6 Perspectives and Future Outlook 7 Conclusions Acknowledgements References 13 Circular Economy in Domestic and Industrial Wastewaters: Challenges and Opportunities Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Circular Economy in the Urban Water Sector 3 Wastewater Treatment 3.1 Innovative Circular-Economy Solutions Co-developed by Water Industry Sector 3.2 Wetlands for Wastewater Treatment 3.3 Weathering of Sulphidic Mine Tailings 4 Plants and Plant Products for the Treatment of as Contaminated Water 5 Desalination and Water Reclamation 6 Challenges in the Hydrological Cycle Acknowledgements References Monitoring of Circular Economy Implementation in Water Sector 14 Water Footprint of the business Sector and Circular Economy Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References 15 Economic, Social and Environmental Dimensions in the Circular Economy (CE) Monitoring Framework in the Water and Wastewater Sector Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Importance of Water in Sustainable Development (SD) 4 Importance of Water in the Circular Economy (CE) Model 5 CE Monitoring Framework in Water and Wastewater Sector—Environmental, Economic and Social Dimensions 6 Discussion and Conclusions Acknowledgements References 16 Circular Economy Indicators and Measures in the Water and Wastewater Sector—Case Study Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results and Discussion 3.1 Future Perspective 4 Conclusions References 17 Business Opportunities in the Water and Wastewater Sector Through the ReSOLVE Framework Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Results 3.1 Characteristics of the ReSOLVE Framework 3.2 Importance of Water and Wastewater Sector in the ReSOLVE Framework 3.3 Examples of CE Implementation in Water and Wastewater Sector Within the ReSOLVE Framework 4 Conclusions Ethics Approval References 18 Circular Economy Implementation in the Water Sector: Wastewater Treatment Plant Tychy–Urbanowice Case Study Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Implementation of Circular Economy in WWTP Tychy 2.1 Heat and Power Recovery 2.1.1 Biogas Production—from Mono- to Codigestion 2.1.2 Combined Heat and Power Production and Their Utilisation 2.1.3 Emission Reduction 2.2 Water Reuse 2.3 Management Model 3 Conclusions References 19 Wastewater-Based Circular Economy Operations in East Kolkata Wetlands (the Largest Ramasar Site in South Asia), India Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Kolkata as an Ecologically Subsidized City 3 Ecological History of EKW: Genesis of Sewage-Fed Farming 4 Ecotechnology of Wastewater-Fed Fish Farming 5 Culture Practices 6 Garbage Farming 7 Traditional Knowledge: Cornerstone of Sewage-Fed Fish Farming 8 Contraints, Concerns, Threats and Challenges 9 Prospect of Bioprospecting in EKW Following Circular Economic Approach 10 Conclusions References