Metal, Nomads and Culture Contact: The Middle East and North Africa

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Cover Half Title Title Page Copyright Page Table of Contents List of Figures Acknowledgements Preface 1 Introduction 2 Perspectives and Approaches 3 The 5th and 4th Millennia BC of the Southern Levant The Present and Past Environment The Late Neolithic The Chalcolithic Period The Early Bronze Age I Concluding Remarks 4 The 5th and 4th Millennia BC of Northeast Africa Present and Past Environment The Late Neolithic in Egypt and Nubia—the 5th Millennium The Predynastic Periods of Egypt: Naqada And Maadi—the 4th Millennium Lower Nubia in the 4th Millennium—the Nubian A-Group Concluding Remarks 5 The Role of Nomadic Pastoralists Present Nomads in Northeast Africa and the Southern Levant Archaeology and Nomadic Pastoralists Pastrol Nomadism in Northeast Africa and the Southern Levant during the 5th and 4th Millennia BC? Concluding Remarks 6 The Role of Copper in the Late 5th and 4th Millennia BC Metallurgy—Mining, Smelting and Casting Copper Artefacts And Contexts Metallurgical Aspects of Copper Copper Beyond Egypt and Nubia Concluding Remarks 7 Contact, Specialization and Value Contact and Exchange in the 5th and 4th Millennia Growing Focus on Specialization and Ritualization The Social Value of Early Copper Concluding Remarks 8 Conclusion Bibliography Index