China’s Entrance into the Family of Nations: The Diplomatic Phase, 1858–1880

Description

“Family of nations” is a figurative term originally applied to the Western European states signing the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648, a group characterized by its continued expansion beyond Western Europe. In this international context, Immanuel Hsü studies China’s emergence from political isolation, discussing, in historical sequence, the forcible establishment of foreign legations in Peking; the introduction of international law into China; and the establishment of Chinese legations abroad. Cover Title Copyright Foreword ACKNOWLEDGMENTS CONTENTS CHAPTER 1. Prologue: The Meeting of the Western and Eastern Families of Nations PART I. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF FOREIGN LEGATIONS IN CHINA 1858–1861 CHAPTER 2. The Resident Minister Issue: The Diplomatic Prelude CHAPTER 3. The Tientsin Negotiations CHAPTER 4. The Shanghai Tariff Conference CHAPTER 5. Personality and Diplomacy: A Study in Leadership CHAPTER 6. The Resident Minister Issue after Taku CHAPTER 7. The Ideological Issue: Diplomatic Representation vs. T’i-chih PART II. THE INTRODUCTION OF INTERNATIONAL LAW 1862–1874 CHAPTER 8. The Translation of International Law into Chinese CHAPTER 9. Success and Failure: China's Limited Application of International Law PART III. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PERMANENT CHINESE LEGATIONS ABROAD CHAPTER 10. Early Approaches to the Problem CHAPTER 11. The Envoy Question as a National Issue, 1867–1876 CHAPTER 12. Legations Abroad as Permanent Institutions CHAPTER 13. Epilogue: The Imperial Chinese Tradition in the Modern World APPENDIXES Appendix A: Major Foreign Diplomatic Representatives in China during the Nineteenth Century Appendix Β : Chinese Diplomatic Representatives in Major Foreign Countries during the Nineteenth Century Appendix C: Funds Supplied to Chinese Legations in Major Foreign Countries Appendix D: Expenditures of Chinese Legations in Major Foreign Countries NOTES. INDEX ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE NOTES NOTES Index REFERENCE MATTER BIBLIOGRAPHY GLOSSARY