3D Radiative Transfer in Cloudy Atmospheres

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Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, 2005, 688 pp. - ISBN -13 978-3-540-23958-1Ключевые слова: Климат, Атмосферная облачность, Трехмерные модели, Численные методы, Зондирование атмосферы.Книга содержит цикл лекций по переносу радиации в трехмерной облачной атмосфере, прочитанных ведущими специалистами США на научной школе «Исследование атмосферы методами зондирования».ContentsScales, Tools and Reminiscences. Observing Clouds and Their Optical Properties. A Primer in 3D Radiative Transfer. Numerical Methods. Approximation Methods in Atmospheric 3D Radiative Transfer, Part 1: Resolved Variability and Phenomenology. Approximation Methods in Atmospheric 3D Radiative Transfer, Part 2: Unresolved Variability and Climate Applications. 3D Radiative Transfer in Stochastic Media. Effective Cloud Properties for Large-Scale Models. Broadband Irradiances and Heating Rates for Cloudy Atmospheres. Longwave Radiative Transfer in Inhomogeneous Cloud Layers. 3D Radiative Transfer in Satellite Remote Sensing of Cloud Properties. Horizontal Fluxes and Radiative Smoothing. Photon Paths and Cloud Heterogeneity: An Observational Strategy to Assess Effects of 3D Geometry on Radiative Transfer. 3D Radiative Transfer in Vegetation Canopies and Cloud-Vegetation Interaction. Appendix: Scale-by-Scale Analysis and Fractal Cloud Models. Epilogue: What Happens Next? Notations. Index.