Human Behavior and the Social Environment: Shifting Paradigms in Essential Knowledge for Social Work Practice

Description

Explore traditional and alternative models in human behavior Human Behavior and the Social Environment challenges students to use the traditional and alternative paradigm framework to evaluate and understand the relationship between theories of human behavior and the social environment and their use in social work practice. Through this examination, readers will better understand the people they will work with on individual, family, group, organizational, community, and global levels. By engaging with critical issues in social work and human behavior, students will recognize the range of social systems in which people live and the ways these systems promote or deter people in their health and wellbeing. Updated with a new organization and emphasis on critical thinking, the 7th Edition represents the most comprehensive and in-depth revision since its original publication. New chapters explore the role of neuroscience (Chapter 6) and interplay of identity, diversity, and oppression issues (Chapter 7) in the context of development. New content is included on such topics as the use of technology, evidence-based practice interventions, and environmental social work. Thoroughly updated, every chapter includes information about some of the most pressing issues concerning social work and human behavior in dynamic interaction with the larger physical and social environments of today and tomorrow. Cover Page CSWE’s Core Competencies and Practice Behavior Examples in this Text MySearchLab Title Page Copyright Page Contents Preface 1. Introduction Human Behavior Theory and Social Work Practice CSWE Core Competencies Generalist Practice Theory and Practice in Social Work: Connecting the Dots Theoretical Range Theories as Maps: Grand, Middle Range, and Focal Theories Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 2. The Foundations for Social Systems Theory The Nature of Theory Social Systems Perspective General Systems Theory Ecological Theory Generalist Social Work Practice and Person in the Environment Functional Theory Symbolic Interactionism and Role Theory Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 3. Social Systems and Social Work Social Systems in Generalist Practice Development of Social Systems Social Systems Cycle Social Systems Features Definitions of Social System Elements Boundary Suprasystem Interface Input Proposed Output Conversion Operations Output Feedback Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 4. Social Systems and Social Roles Systems Thinking, Role Theory, and Generalist Practice Major Role Concepts Roles as Social Structures Role Dynamics Common Role Problems Role Problem Resolution Strategies Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 5. Psychodynamic Theories Individual Theory: The First Wave Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic Theory Focus Assumptions Concepts Theoretical Base of Analytical Psychology Theoretical Base of Individual Psychology Childhood Attachment Theory Object Relations Theory Neurosis and Striving The Sane Society Authoritarianism Destructiveness Automaton Conformity Psychodynamic Theory in Systems Perspective Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 6. Psychosocial Theory: A SocialSystems Perspective Psychosocial Theory Focus Assumptions Concepts The Biological Connection Causation Genetics Evolution Infancy Psychosocial Crisis: Basic Trust versus Basic Mistrust Developmental Activities Post Infancy Psychosocial Crisis: Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt Developmental Activities Preschool Psychosocial Crisis: Initiative versus Guilt Developmental Activities School Psychosocial Crisis: Industry versus Inferiority Developmental Activities Adolescence Psychosocial Crisis: Identity versus Role Confusion Developmental Activities Early Adulthood The Psychosocial Crisis: Intimacy versus Isolation Developmental Activities Middle Adulthood Psychosocial Crisis: Generativity versus Stagnation Developmental Activities Late Adulthood Psychosocial Crisis: Ego Integrity versus Despair Developmental Activities Spirituality and Psychosocial Theory Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 7. Behavioral Learning Theories Behavioral Learning Theory Focus Assumptions Concepts Reinforcement Punishment Time Out Contingency Management Generalization Stimulus Binding Discrimination Shaping Cueing Reinforcement Schedules Extinction Social Learning Theory Cognitive Behavioral Theory Rational Emotive Behavior Theory Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Mood Disorders Positive Psychology Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 8. Cognitive and Humanistic Theories Third Wave: Cognitive and Humanistic Theories Cognitive Development Theory Focus Assumptions Concepts Piaget’s Four Stages Summary Moral Development Theory Focus Assumptions Concepts Gender-Related Differences Humanistic Theory Assumptions Concepts Person-Centered Theory Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 9. Family Theories Families as Emergent Structures Structural Family Theory Family Subsystems Family System Boundaries Family Systems Theory Differentiation Triangles Nuclear Family Emotional Process Family Projection Process Multigenerational Transmission Process Social Environment Emotional Cutoff Societal Emotional Process Communications/Interactive Theory Metacommunications Double Bind Communication Family Homeostasis Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 10. Group Theories Social Groups Collections, Categories, and the Social Group Collections of People Categories of People Primary and Secondary Groups Natural and Rational Will Formed versus Natural Groups Task versus Treatment Groups Field Theory Assumptions Exchange Theory Psychoanalytic Tavistock Groups Behavioral Group Theory Role Theory in Groups Dimensions of Group Process Interaction Process Analysis Needs-Based Motivational Model Interpersonal Underworld Individual Personality Temperament and Group Process In-Groups and Out-Groups: Boundaries and Identity Stages of Group Development Group Therapeutic Factors Group Leadership Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 11. Organizational Theories Gemeinschaft and Gesellschaft Definition Organizational Theory and Practice Authority The Weberian Bureaucracy—the Rationalist Position A Hierarchical Authority Structure Division of Labor Standardization of Role Performance Depersonalization of Position Decision Making Guided by Rules Based in Lawand/or Administrative Policy Scientific Management and the Classical Tradition Rationalist Position and Social Systems Theory The Human Relations Position Human Relations Position and Social Systems Theory The Dialectic Social Systems Theory: Emergence Social Systems Theory: Definitions for Organizations Social Systems Theory: Developmental Stages of FormalOrganizations Social Systems Theory: Total Quality Management Theories X, Y, and Z Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 12. The Community The Community: Traditional Definitions The Evolving Community Traditional Geographic Community Theory The Ecological Position: Human Ecology Assumptions Community Theorists Concepts The Community Power Position Assumptions Community Power: The Elitist Position Assumptions Concepts The Regional City Study Community Power: The Pluralist Position Assumptions Concepts The Conflict Position The Community System Cycle Communities of Interest Toward a Definition Stagnation and Emergence in Communities: Two Illustrations Rural Communities as Stagnant Systems AIDS: A Community of Interest Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 13. Theories Applied to Addiction Defining Addiction Measuring Addiction Toward a Theory of Addiction The Natural Mind The Psychiatric Model Existing Theories: A Sampler Choice Theories Compulsion and Self-Control Theories Drug Transitions: Gateway Theories Recovery Oriented Theories The Transtheoretical Model: Stages of Change Conditioning Theories Exposure Theory Differential Association Assessing Addiction Theory and Treatment What Activities Are Addictive? Who Becomes Addicted? What Environmental Conditions Promote Addiction? How Does Addiction Develop? What Other Symptoms Accompany Addiction? Is There a Uniform Experience of Addiction? Do Different Addictions Overlap? What Triggers the Decision to Try to Stop an Addiction? What Are the Steps from Being Addicted to a Stateof Active Recovery? What Makes for Successful Recovery? What Addiction Treatments Are Effective? What Common Problems Are Related to Addiction? What Makes Something Addictive? What Determines Susceptibility to Addiction? What Makes an Environment Pathological? Effects of Interventions Is Treating the Symptom Effective? What Are the Basic Principles of Effective Intervention? Should You Press for Immediate Action for Change? Does Education Change Behavior? What Are Treatment Intervention Goals? Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 14. Theories Applied to Violence Violence in Social Systems Perspective Ethology and Violence Flight, Fight, or Freeze The Death Drive Violence as Social Deviance Violence as a Mental Disorder Intermittent Explosive Disorder Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Borderline Personality Disorder Conduct Disorder Antisocial Personality Disorder Violence as Crime Operant Learning Exchange Theory Social Learning Domestic Violence Bullying Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS 15. Theories on Social Systems,Social Capital, and Diversity Introduction Culture Wars: How the West Won Modernism: Mastering Nature Postmodernism: A Philosophy Fragmentation Cultural Diversity Social Systems Theory The Function of Dysfunction Open and Closed Systems Boundary Effect Minority Status as a Holon Social Capital Conflict and Consensus The Wrong Crowd Irreconcilable Differences Conflict, Religion, and Diversity Ethics and Cultural Diversity Poverty Summary PRACTICE TEST MYSEARCHLAB CONNECTIONS References A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T V W Y Z Photo Credits Index A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W Y Z Uploaded by [StormRG]