Ambisonics: A Practical 3D Audio Theory for Recording, Studio Production, Sound Reinforcement, and Virtual Reality

Description

This open access book provides a concise explanation of the fundamentals and background of the surround sound recording and playback technology Ambisonics. It equips readers with the psychoacoustical, signal processing, acoustical, and mathematical knowledge needed to understand the inner workings of modern processing utilities, special equipment for recording, manipulation, and reproduction in the higher-order Ambisonic format. The book comes with various practical examples based on free software tools and open scientific data for reproducible research. The book’s introductory section offers a perspective on Ambisonics spanning from the origins of coincident recordings in the 1930s to the Ambisonic concepts of the 1970s, as well as classical ways of applying Ambisonics in first-order coincident sound scene recording and reproduction that have been practiced since the 1980s. As, from time to time, the underlying mathematics become quite involved, but should be comprehensive without sacrificing readability, the book includes an extensive mathematical appendix. The book offers readers a deeper understanding of Ambisonic technologies, and will especially benefit scientists, audio-system and audio-recording engineers. In the advanced sections of the book, fundamentals and modern techniques as higher-order Ambisonic decoding, 3D audio effects, and higher-order recording are explained. Those techniques are shown to be suitable to supply audience areas ranging from studio-sized to hundreds of listeners, or headphone-based playback, regardless whether it is live, interactive, or studio-produced 3D audio material. Front Matter ....Pages i-xiv XY, MS, and First-Order Ambisonics (Franz Zotter, Matthias Frank)....Pages 1-22 Auditory Events of Multi-loudspeaker Playback (Franz Zotter, Matthias Frank)....Pages 23-40 Amplitude Panning Using Vector Bases (Franz Zotter, Matthias Frank)....Pages 41-52 Ambisonic Amplitude Panning and Decoding in Higher Orders (Franz Zotter, Matthias Frank)....Pages 53-98 Signal Flow and Effects in Ambisonic Productions (Franz Zotter, Matthias Frank)....Pages 99-129 Higher-Order Ambisonic Microphones and the Wave Equation (Linear, Lossless) (Franz Zotter, Matthias Frank)....Pages 131-152 Compact Spherical Loudspeaker Arrays (Franz Zotter, Matthias Frank)....Pages 153-170 Back Matter ....Pages 171-210