Achieving Sustainable Production of Milk Volume 1: Milk composition, genetics and breeding

Description

Contents Series list Introduction Part 1 The composition and quality of milk Part 2 Genetics, breeding and other factors affecting quality and sustainability Summary Part 1 The composition and quality of milk Chapter 1 The proteins of milk 1 Introduction 2 Analytical methods for the study of milk proteins 3 Caseins 4 Casein micelles 5 Whey proteins 6 Minor proteins, enzymes and other components 7 Laboratory-scale preparation of casein and whey proteins 8 Industrial milk protein products 9 Summary and future trends 10 Where to look for further information 11 References Chapter 2 Bioactive components in cow’s milk 1 Introduction 2 Bioactive proteins 3 Bioactive lipids 4 Bioactive carbohydrates 5 Bioactive other compounds in milk 6 Bioactive minerals and vitamins 7 Conclusions 8 Where to look for further information 9 References Chapter 3 Ingredients from milk for use in food and non-food products: from commodity to value-added ingredients 1 Introduction 2 Commodity dairy ingredients 3 Caseins and caseinates 4 Whey protein ingredients 5 Milk protein concentrates 6 Milk protein hydrolysates 7 Lactose and lactose derivatives 8 Milk fat globule membrane material 9 Conclusions and future trends 10 Where to look for further information 11 References Chapter 4 Understanding and preventing spoilage of cow’s milk 1 Introduction 2 Causes of milk spoilage 3 Origins of spoilage microbes 4 Controlling milk spoilage during production 5 Controlling milk spoilage during processing 6 Summary and future trends 7 Where to look for further information 8 References Chapter 5 Sensory evaluation of cow’s milk 1 Introduction 2 Milk evaluation processes 3 Off-flavours in milk: categories, causes and remedies 4 Sensory shelf-life testing 5 Conclusion 6 Where to look for further information 7 References Part 2 Genetics, breeding and other factors affecting quality and sustainability Chapter 6 Using genetic selection in the breeding of dairy cattle 1 Introduction 2 Breeding programmes: AI, progeny testing, embryo transfer and in vitro fertilization 3 The structure of dairy breeding programmes 4 The exchange and selection of genetic material 5 Genomic selection 6 Multi-trait selection 7 Breeding objectives 8 Genomic selection for functional traits 9 Conclusion 10 Where to look for further information 11 Acknowledgements 12 References Chapter 7 Genetic factors affecting fertility, health, growth and longevity in dairy cattle 1 Introduction 2 Important principles of multi-trait selection index 3 Statistical methods for the genetic analysis of non-production traits 4 Non-production traits and selection strategies: fertility 5 Non-production traits and selection strategies: health 6 Non-production traits and selection strategies: growth rate and longevity 7 Alternative methods to genetically improve functional traits 8 Mapping and identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) affecting functional traits 9 Summary 10 Future trends in research 11 Where to look for further information 12 Acknowledgements 13 References Chapter 8 Breeding and management strategies to improve reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle 1 Introduction 2 Reproductive efficiency in dairy cattle 3 The oestrous cycle and oestrus behaviour 4 Factors affecting reproductive efficiency 5 Strategies to improve reproductive efficiency in cows 6 Future trends 7 Where to look for further information 8 Acknowledgements 9 References Chapter 9 Nutritional strategies to improve nitrogen efficiency and milk protein synthesis in dairy cows 1 Introduction: the importance of reducing nitrogen losses in dairy farming 2 Protein in milk: protein content, determining factors and method of synthesis 3 Abomasal and duodenal infusion studies 4 Ideal amino acid profile 5 Central issues in estimating rumen microbial protein synthesis 6 Additional factors in estimating microbial protein synthesis 7 The metabolisable protein requirements of dairy cows 8 Milk urea nitrogen as a diagnostic tool 9 Designing rations to improve N efficiency in dairy cows 10 From research trials to real farm applications 11 Conclusion 12 Where to look for further information 13 Glossary of abbreviations 14 References Index