Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure Gradient in Glaucoma

Description

This book focuses on the characteristic of glaucomatous optic neuropathy and its relationship with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pressure. It also explores the potential novel methods to manage glaucoma by adjusting CSF pressure. This book covers several interesting topics such as why normal tension glaucoma (NTG) patients still develops into glaucoma without high intraocular pressure (IOP); and whether there are factors other than IOP contributing to the pathogenesis of NTG why the role of IOP in the pathogenesis of POAG becomes vague and controversial. This book contains over 40 chapters, including numerous images from clinical patients and experiments on gross anatomy, pathological tissue, and immunohistochemistry, electronic speculum etc. The ophthalmologists and researchers can also benefit from the clinical cases. We hope this book serves as a clinical guidance with practical significant for the understanding, prevention and diagnosis of glaucoma. Front Matter ....Pages i-xv Front Matter ....Pages 1-1 Road Map for the Pathogenesis of Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy (Ningli Wang)....Pages 3-7 Time to Eliminate “Normal Tension” in Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (Diya Yang, Robert N. Weinreb)....Pages 9-12 Intracranial and Intraocular Pressure-Related Diseases (Diya Yang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 13-15 Conciliation of Discrepancy of Hypertensive Glaucoma and Normal-Tension Glaucoma Through Intraocular-Intracranial Pressure Gradient (Zhigang Fan, Si’an Liu, Zhenni Zhao)....Pages 17-23 Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma, Trans-Lamina Cribrosa Pressure Difference, and Central Nerve System (Ning Fan, Guo Liu, Xiaoguang Zhang, Xuyang Liu)....Pages 25-32 The Role of CSFP in Glaucoma: A View in Retrospect (David Fleischman, R. Rand Allingham)....Pages 33-37 Intracranial and Intraocular Pressure Gradient and Glaucoma: A Retrospective Point of View (Xiangxiang Liu, Diya Yang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 39-43 Front Matter ....Pages 45-45 Anatomy and Physiology of optic nerve head (Xiaoxia Li, Ningli Wang)....Pages 47-53 The New Concepts of Cerebrospinal Fluid Physiology (Jiawei Wang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 55-57 Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure Dynamics and the Pulsatile Component of the Translaminar Pressure Gradient (Cynthia J. Roberts)....Pages 59-68 Pressure and Velocity: An Inseparable Couple (H. E. Killer)....Pages 69-72 Facts and Myths of Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure for the Physiology of the Eye (Jost B. Jonas, Ningli Wang)....Pages 73-93 Energy Theory of Glaucoma (Xiaoxia Li, Ningli Wang)....Pages 95-98 Front Matter ....Pages 99-99 Techniques in Measuring Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure Gradients (Xiaobin Xie, April Peszel, Feras Kamel Rizeq, Chenyu Sun, Diya Yang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 101-120 Which MRI Sequence Shows Subarachnoid Space of the Optic Nerve Better? (Junfang Xian, Ningli Wang)....Pages 121-125 B-Ultrasound Imaging of Optic Nerve Subarachnoid Space: A More Portable Way? (Hanruo Liu, Diya Yang, Teng Ma, Wenyuan Shi, Zhu Qiang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 127-133 Translamina Cribrosa Pressure Difference-Related Animal Models (Jing Li, Ningli Wang)....Pages 135-140 Outlook on Therapeutic Strategies for Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma Based on the Theory of Translamina-Pressure Difference (Weiwei Chen, Ningli Wang)....Pages 141-143 Front Matter ....Pages 145-145 Fortified Astrocyte: The Target of Pathological Intraocular Hypertension (Chao Dai, Geoffrey Raisman, Ying Li)....Pages 147-152 Lymphatic Drainage from the Eye: Is Cerebrospinal Fluid Involved? (Neeru Gupta, Yeni Yucel)....Pages 153-157 Response of the Rat Optic Nerve to Acute Intraocular and Intracranial Pressure Changes (Da Zhao, Zheng He, Anna Van Koeverden, Algis J. Vingrys, Vickie H. Y. Wong, Jeremiah K. H. Lim et al.)....Pages 159-165 The Optic Nerve Chamber Syndrome (Ruowu Hou, Ningli Wang)....Pages 167-171 The Molecular Basis of Retinal Ganglion Cell Death in Glaucoma (Zheng Zhang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 173-177 Trans-lamina Cribrosa Pressure Difference Activates Mechanical Stress Signal Transduction to Induce Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy: A Hypothesis (Jingxue Zhang, Shen Wu, Ningli Wang)....Pages 179-183 Retinal Vessels Changes During the Low Cerebrospinal Fluid Situation (Lu Liu, Caixia Lin, Ningli Wang)....Pages 185-188 Front Matter ....Pages 189-189 Impact of Intraocular Pressure on Optic Nerve Head Deformation (Christopher Leung)....Pages 191-193 Push Me Pull You (Nancy J. Newman)....Pages 195-197 Optic Nerve Sheath Fenestration: A Way to Balance the Trans-Laminar Cribrosa Pressure Difference? (Zhen Li, Xuxiang Zhang, Dachuan Liu, Ningli Wang)....Pages 199-203 Aging Effect on Lamina Cribrosa Depth in Ocular Hypertension and Glaucoma (Ruojin Ren, Hongli Yang, Stuart Gardiner, Christy Hardin, Shaban Demirel, Claude F. Burgoyne)....Pages 205-209 The Importance of Habitual 24-Hour IOP Measurement (John H. K. Liu)....Pages 211-214 Intracranial Hypotension and Coexistent Normal-Pressure Glaucoma: 5-Year Follow-Up (Zhen Li, Ningli Wang)....Pages 215-220 Peripapillary Retinal Pigment Epithelium Movement Associated with Acute IOP Elevation (Yaxing Wang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 221-223 The Relationship Between Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure and Blood Flow in the Retina and Optic Nerve (Alon Harris, Josh Gross, Daniele Prada, Brent Siesky, Alice C. Verticchio Vercellin, Lauren Saint et al.)....Pages 225-238 Intraocular Pressure-Related Factors, Retinal Vessel Diameter, and Optic Disc Rim Area (Qing Zhang, Chen Xin, Chunyu Guo, Ye Zhang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 239-244 New Insights into Ocular Hypertension (Xiaobin Xie, Ningli Wang)....Pages 245-247 Correlation Among Intraocular Pressure, Intracranial Pressure, and Blood Pressure (Zhen Li, Dachuan Liu, Ningli Wang)....Pages 249-252 Front Matter ....Pages 253-253 How to Define a Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy (Claude F. Burgoyne)....Pages 255-266 Pressure Difference and Ocular Morphology Change, From Biomechanical Analysis (Xiaoyu Liu, Yubo Fan)....Pages 267-273 Biomechanical Mechanisms of IOP-/CSFP-Induced Optic Nerve Damage (Yingyan Mao, Ningli Wang)....Pages 275-280 Front Matter ....Pages 281-281 Dietary Nitrate Intake and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (Jae Hee Kang)....Pages 283-285 Body Mass Index and Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (Jinghong Sang, Qian Zhang, Huaizhou Wang, Diya Yang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 287-290 Normal-Tension Glaucoma: A “Qi Deficiency” Disease (Jing Yu, Jinghong Sang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 291-293 Front Matter ....Pages 295-295 Visual Impairment in Astronauts After Long-Duration Space Flight: A Backward of Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy? Beijing Intracranial and Intraocular Pressure (iCOP) Study (Diya Yang, Ningli Wang)....Pages 297-300 Genetic Insights into Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma (Louis R. Pasquale)....Pages 301-305 Alzheimer Disease: Intracranial Pressure and Glaucoma (Yan Lu, Ningli Wang)....Pages 307-309 Surgical Management Strategies for Pseudotumor Cerebri/Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (John M. McGregor)....Pages 311-313 Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension (Ruowu Hou, Ningli Wang)....Pages 315-320 Back Matter ....Pages 321-321