2017 ASME Boiler & Pressure Vessel Code: An International Code

Description

Table of Contents List of Sections INTERPRETATIONS CODE CASES Foreword Statement of Policy on the Use of the Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising Statement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees 1 Introduction 2 Inquiry Format 3 Code Revisions or Additions 4 Code Cases 5 Code Interpretations 6 Submittals Personnel Organization of Section VII 1 General 2 Subsections and Articles 3 Appendices Summary of Changes List of Changes in Record Number Order Cross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code Subparagraph Breakdowns/Nested Lists Hierarchy Footnotes Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees Cross-References Subsection 1 Watertube Drum-Type Industrial Steam Boilers Article 100 Fundamentals of Watertube Boilers 100.1 Steam Generation 100.2 Watertube Boilers 100.3 Boiler Assembly Types 100.3.1 Shop-Assembled (Package) Boilers 100.3.2 Field-Assembled Boilers 100.4 Economizers 100.5 Superheaters 100.6 Combustion 100.7 Boiler Efficiency and Air Emissions Article 101 Boiler Operation 101.1 General Guidelines 101.1.1 Personnel Training 101.1.2 Preventing Explosions 101.1.3 Maintaining Proper Water Level 101.1.4 Maintaining Proper Furnace Pressure 101.1.5 Maintaining Clearance for Expansion 101.1.6 Reference Sources 101.2 Preparing for Operation 101.2.1 Inspection 101.2.2 Chemical Cleaning 101.2.3 Safety Checklist for Boiler Examination 101.2.4 Water-Side Checklist 101.2.5 Fire-Side Checklist 101.2.6 External Checklist 101.2.7 Pressure Testing 101.3 Starting Up 101.3.1 General 101.3.2 Establish Water Level 101.3.3 Light-Off 101.3.4 Going Online 101.4 Online Operation 101.4.1 Operating Data 101.4.2 Water-Side Operations 101.4.3 Pressure Relief Valves 101.4.4 Leaks 101.4.5 Soot Blowing 101.5 Out-of-Service Operation 101.5.1 General 101.5.2 Shutdown 101.5.3 Draining 101.5.4 Isolation and Preparation 101.5.5 Waterside Cleaning 101.5.6 Fireside Cleaning 101.5.7 Storage Article 102 Boiler Auxiliaries 102.1 Preparation of Auxiliaries for Service 102.2 Fuel-Burning Equipment 102.2.1 General 102.2.2 Preparation for Operation 102.2.3 Ignitors 102.2.4 Gas Systems 102.2.5 Oil Systems 102.2.6 Response to Tube Failure 102.3 Air Heaters 102.3.1 Preparation for Placing in Service 102.3.2 Placing in Service 102.3.3 Normal Operation 102.3.4 Emergency Operation Due to Fire 102.4 Boiler Feed Pumps 102.4.1 Preparation for Service 102.4.2 Placing in Service 102.4.3 Normal Operation 102.5 Auxiliary Drives 102.5.1 Motor Start-Up and Operation Checks 102.5.2 Mechanical Drive Turbine Start-Up and Operation Checks 102.6 Draft Fans 102.6.1 Preparation for Service 102.6.2 Placing in Service 102.6.3 Normal Operation 102.6.4 Emergency Operation 102.7 Dampers Article 103 Appurtenances 103.1 Boiler Pressure Relief Valves 103.1.1 General 103.1.2 Pressure Relief Valve Maintenance 103.1.3 Pressure Relief Valve Testing 103.2 Pressure Relief Valves for Economizers and Auxiliaries 103.2.1 General 103.2.2 Examination and Maintenance 103.2.3 Repair and Testing 103.3 Transportation and Installation of Pressure Relief Valves 103.4 Water Columns, Gage Classes, and Level Transmitters 103.4.1 Proper Blowdown Procedure 103.4.2 Proper Valve Types 103.4.3 Proper and Complete Heat Insulation 103.4.4 Leakage Correction 103.5 Boiler Blowdown 103.6 Pressure Gages 103.6.1 103.6.2 103.6.3 103.6.4 103.6.5 103.7 Feedwater Regulator Valve 103.8 Soot Blowers 103.9 Fusible Plugs Article 104 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks 104.1 General 104.2 Indicators and Recorders 104.2.1 Indicating Devices 104.2.2 Recording Devices 104.2.3 Preparation for and Placing in Service 104.2.4 Checking and Testing 104.3 Water-Level Indication 104.4 Controls and Interlocks 104.4.1 Controls 104.4.2 Interlocks 104.4.3 Safety Controls 104.4.4 Preparation for and Placing in Service 104.4.5 Checking and Testing Article 105 Examinations 105.1 Scope 105.2 Inspection and Examination Frequency 105.3 Preparation for Inspection or Examination 105.3.1 General 105.3.2 External Surfaces and Parts 105.4 Examination of Internal Surfaces of Boilers and Appurtenances 105.4.1 All Boilers 105.4.2 Watertube Boilers 105.5 Examination of External Surfaces of Boilers, Appurtenances, and Auxiliaries 105.5.1 General 105.5.2 Piping 105.5.3 Pressure Relief Valves 105.5.4 Other Boiler-Related Items 105.6 Care and Maintenance 105.6.1 Housekeeping 105.6.2 Certificates and Licenses 105.6.3 Record Keeping and Logs 105.7 Repairs 105.8 Pressure Tests 105.9 General Listing of Examinations 105.9.1 All Examinations 105.9.2 Internal Examinations 105.10 Inspector 105.11 POM Outage Examinations and Operational Walkdowns Article 106 Repairs, Alterations, and Maintenance 106.1 Repairs and Alterations 106.2 Maintenance 106.2.1 General 106.2.2 Information to Assist in Maintenance 106.2.3 Maintenance Checks 106.2.4 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance 106.3 Boiler Maintenance Programs 106.3.1 Examination and Overhaul Procedures 106.3.2 Maintenance and Overhaul Scheduling 106.3.3 Equipment Histories and Spare Parts Inventories 106.3.4 Personnel Training 106.3.5 Equipment Improvement 106.4 Maintenance Checks for Steam Boilers 106.4.1 Watertube Boilers 106.5 Checklists to Assist in Maintenance Subsection 2 Pertaining to All Steam Boilers Article 200 Protecting Heat Transfer Surfaces 200.1 General 200.2 Internal Cleaning of Boilers 200.3 Laying up of Boilers 200.3.1 Water Side 200.3.2 Dry Storage 200.3.3 Wet Storage 200.3.4 Fire Side 200.4 Deposits 200.4.1 Scale 200.4.2 Sludge 200.4.3 Internal Deposit Monitoring 200.5 Internal Corrosion 200.5.1 General 200.5.2 Oxygen Corrosion 200.5.3 Caustic Corrosion 200.5.4 Chelate Corrosion 200.5.5 Acid Corrosion 200.5.6 Auxiliary Equipment Corrosion 200.5.7 Examinations 200.6 Corrosion Cracking of Boiler Steel 200.6.1 200.6.2 200.6.3 200.6.4 200.6.5 200.6.6 200.6.7 200.7 Steam Contamination 200.7.1 General 200.7.2 Control of Steam Contamination 200.8 Sampling, Testing, Controlling, and Reporting of Analyses of Water 200.8.1 Sampling 200.8.2 Testing 200.9 Fire-Side Conditions 200.9.1 General 200.9.2 Soot 200.9.3 Slag 200.9.4 Corrosion Article 201 Preventing Boiler Failures 201.1 General 201.2 Overpressure 201.2.1 Indicators — Steam Pressure Gages 201.2.2 Pressure Relief Valves 201.2.3 Relief Equipment — Fusible Plugs 201.3 High or Low Water Level 201.3.1 Indicators — Gage Glasses 201.3.2 Indicators — Automatic High- and Low-Water-Level Alarms 201.3.3 Automatic Trip 201.4 Weakening of Structure 201.4.1 Boiler Start-Up 201.4.2 Control of Water Level 201.4.3 Erosion 201.4.4 Internal Corrosion 201.4.5 External Corrosion 201.4.6 Boiler Shutdown 201.4.7 Boiler out of Service 201.4.8 Failure of Supports 201.4.9 Mechanical Damage 201.5 Operation of Combustion Equipment 201.6 Furnace Explosions 201.7 Furnace Implosions Article 202 Documents, Records, and References 202.1 Code Documentation 202.2 Referenced Documents 202.3 Record Drawings and Documentation 202.4 References 202.4.1 Published Documents Referenced in This Code 202.4.2 Other Documents Relating to Boilers Subsection 3 Other Boiler Types Article 300 Firetube Boilers 300.1 General 300.2 Out-of-Service Operation 300.2.1 Isolation 300.2.2 Water-Side Cleaning 300.3 Internal Examinations 300.3.1 Stays and Braces 300.3.2 Tube Defects 300.3.3 Ligaments Between Tube Holes 300.3.4 Manholes and Other Openings 300.3.5 Fire Surfaces 300.4 External Examination 300.5 Maintenance 300.5.1 General 300.5.2 Maintenance Checks 300.5.3 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance 300.5.4 Checklist to Assist in Maintenance Article 301 Electric Steam Boilers 301.1 Types and Features 301.2 Resistance-Element Electric Boilers 301.2.1 Water Quality and Treatment for Resistance-Element Electric Boilers 301.2.2 General Care and Maintenance of Resistance-Element Electric Boilers 301.3 Electrode Steam Boilers 301.3.1 Basic Electrode Steam Boilers 301.3.2 Commonly Used Electrode Steam Boiler Designs 301.3.3 Jet-Spray Electrode Steam Boiler Designs 301.3.4 Water Quality and Treatment for Electrode Steam Boilers 301.3.5 Electrical System Requirements for Electrode Steam Boilers 301.3.6 Maintenance Requirements for Electrode System Boilers Article 302 Utility Boilers 302.1 Start-Up 302.1.1 Establish Water Level 302.1.2 Direct Spring-Loaded Pressure Relief Valves Subsection 4 Coal-Fired and Other Solid-Fuel-Fired Boilers Article 400 Stoker-Fired Boilers 400.1 General 400.2 Preparation for Service 400.3 Stoker Firing 400.4 Shutting Down 400.5 High Water Level in Stoker-Fired Boilers 400.6 Boiler Tube Failure on Stoker-Fired Units Article 401 Pulverized-Coal-Fired Boilers 401.1 General 401.2 Preparation for Service 401.3 Maintaining Proper Furnace Pressure 401.4 Pulverized-Coal Firing 401.5 Shutting Down 401.6 Fire in Nonoperating Pulverizers 401.7 Fire in Operating Pulverizers 401.8 Fire in Pulverized-Fuel Systems 401.9 Instrumentation, Controls, and Interlocks for Pulverized-Fuel Operation 401.10 Cyclone Furnaces Article 402 Ash Removal 402.1 General 402.2 Bottom Ash — Wet Removal 402.3 Bottom Ash — Dry Removal 402.4 Fly Ash Removal 402.5 Fire-Side Cleaning Article 403 Maintenance 403.1 Maintenance Checks — Stokers 403.1.1 Underfeed Stoker 403.1.2 Spreader Stoker 403.1.3 Dump Grates 403.1.4 Traveling Grates 403.2 Maintenance Checks — Pulverized-Coal Firing 403.2.1 Feeder 403.2.2 Pulverizer 403.2.3 Exhauster 403.2.4 Burner 403.3 Maintenance Checks — Ash Removal System 403.3.1 403.3.2 Subsection 5 Glossary Mandatory Appendices Mandatory Appendix I Standard Units for Use in Equations Nonmandatory Appendices Nonmandatory Appendix A Checklists for Maintenance Examinations Article A-100 Procedures for Care and Maintenance of Package Boilers A-100.1 Cleaning of Parts and Strainers A-100.2 Care of Motors and Electrical Equipment A-100.3 Drying of Parts After Water Immersion A-100.4 Permanent or Seasonal Shutdown Article A-101 Maintenance Checks for Gas-, Oil-, and Solid-Fuel-Fired Watertube Boilers Article A-102 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance for Gas-, Oil-, or Solid-Fuel-Fired Watertube Boilers Article A-103 Maintenance Checks for Firetube Boilers Article A-104 Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance for Firetube Boilers Nonmandatory Appendix B Guidance for the Use of U.S. Customary and SI Units in the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code B-100 Use of Units in Equations B-200 Guidelines Used to Develop SI Equivalents B-300 Soft Conversion Factors Figures 100.2-1 Simple Steam Drum 100.2-2 Steam Drum With Tubes 100.2-3 Steam Drum Internals — Baffle Type 100.2-4 Steam Drum Internals — Double-Row Arrangement, Cyclone Separator Type 100.4-1 Typical Economizer 101.5.4-1 Typical Valve Lineup Prior to Out of Service Operation 102.2.3-1 Simplified Pilot Gas Piping Arrangement 102.2.5.2-1 Simplified Fuel Oil Train — Single Burner With Oil Heating 102.2.5.2-2 Simplified Light Fuel Oil Train — Multiple Burner 102.3.1-1 Typical Tubular Air Heater 102.3.1-2 Typical Regenerative Air Heater 102.3.1-3 Details of Regenerative Air Heater, Bisector Type 102.4.2-1 Typical Centrifugal Boiler Feed Pump, Water Connections 102.5-1 Typical Motor Drive 102.5-2 Typical Single-Stage Turbine Drive 102.5-3 Typical Turbine Drive Arrangement 102.6.1-1 Airfoil Blade Centrifugal Fan With Inlet Vane Control 102.7-1 Typical Outlet Fan Dampers (Multilouver) 103.1.2.9-1 Typical Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve 103.1.2.9-2 Recommended Direct Spring-Loaded Safety Valve Installation 103.1.3-1 Application of Test Gag 103.1.3-2 Hydraulic Lift Assist Device 103.4-1 Typical Installation of a Boiler Water-Level Gage 103.4.1-1 Gage Glass and Water Column Blowdown Procedure 103.4.2-1 Y‐Type Globe Valve 105.4.1.2-1 Typical Forms of Fusible Plugs 200.4.1-1 Scale Causing Overheating and Tube Failure 200.4.1-2 Deposit Effect on Boiler Tube Versus Tube Temperature 200.5.2-1 Oxygen Corrosion in an Economizer Tube 200.5.3-1 Caustic Gouge-Type Attack on Boiler Tube 200.5.4-1 Chelate Attack Caused by Excessive Feed of Chemical 200.5.6-1 CO2 Carbonic Acid Attack on Condensate Pipe 200.5.6-2 Oxygen Attack on Condensate Pipe 200.6.6-1 H+ Damage on Boiler Tube 300.3.1-1 Typical Stays 301.2-1 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements 301.2-2 Typical Electric Steam Boiler With Electronic Water-Level Controls 301.2-3 Typical Large Industrial 300-kW Electric Steam Boiler With Resistance Elements Mounted Horizontally 301.3.1-1 Electrode Steam Boiler 301.3.3-1 Basic Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Mechanical Control Shield 301.3.3-2 Electrode Steam Boiler With Jet Spray and Variable-Speed Pump Control 400.1-1 Typical Underfeed Stoker 400.1-2 Feeder–Distributor for Firing of Coal on a Spreader Stoker 400.1-3 Spreader Stoker, Continuous Ash Discharge Grate 401.2-1 Typical Bowl Mill 401.2-2 Typical Attrition Mill 401.2-3 Arrangement of Ball-Tube Mill 401.4-1 Burner for Horizontal Firing of Coal Tables 200.8.1-1 Methods for Sampling of Water and Steam 200.8.2-1 Methods of Analysis for the Control of Water for Boilers 200.8.2-2 Useful Tests for the Control of Water for Boilers I-100-1 Standard Units for Use in Equations Forms A-101-1 Watertube Boilers — Maintenance Checks A-102-1 Watertube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance A-103-1 Firetube Boilers — Maintenance Checks A-104-1 Firetube Boilers — Operating Checks Relating to Maintenance