Refinery Process Design. Lecture notes

Description

Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India, Dr. Ramgopal Uppaluri, 2010. — 183 p. Consisting of three main chapters, this lecture notes enables a graduate chemical engineer to learn all necessary content for maturing in the field of refinery process design. In the very first chapter, a very introductory issue of relating the subject matter of refinery process design to conventional chemical process design is presented from a philosophical perspective. Thereby, the second chapter presents a detailed discussion of the estimation of essential refinery stream properties. The third chapter attempts to provide a new approach for conducting refinery mass balances using the data base provided by Maples (2000). The fourth chapter deliberates upon the design of crude distillation unit with further elaborates towards the selection of complex distillation reflux ratio, pump around unit duty estimation and diameter calculations.ContentsIntroductionIntroduction Process Design Vs Process Simulation Analogies between Chemical & Refinery Process design Refinery Property EstimationEstimation of Refinery Stream PropertiesIntroduction Estimation of average temperatures Estimation of average oAPI and sulfur content Psuedo‐component concept Estimation of average oAPI and % sulfur content Characterization factor Molecular weight Viscosity Enthalpy Vapor pressure Estimation of Product TBP from crude TBP Estimation of product specific gravity and sulfur content Estimation of blend viscosity Flash point estimation and flash point index for blends Pour point estimation and pour point index for blends Equilibrium flash vaporization curve SummaryRefinery Mass BalancesIntroduction Refinery Block diagram Refinery modeling using conceptual black box approach Mass balances across the CDU Mass balances across the VDU Mass balances across the Thermal Cracker Mass balances across HVGO hydrotreater Mass balances across LVGO hydrotreater Mass balances across the FCC Mass balances across the Diesel hydrotreater Mass balances across the kerosene hydrotreater Naphtha consolidation Mass balances across the reformer Mass balances across the naphtha hydrotreater Mass balances across the alkylator and isomerizer Mass balances across the gasoline pool Mass balances across the LPG, Gasoil and fuel oil pools SummaryDesign of Crude Distillation ColumnIntroduction Architecture of Main and Secondary Columns Design aspects of the CDU Mass balances across the CDU and flash zone CDU mass balance table Flash zone mass balance table Estimation of flash zone temperature Estimation of draw off stream temperatures Estimation of tower top temperature Estimation of residue product stream temperature Estimation of side stripper products temperature Total Tower energy balance and total condenser duty estimation Estimation of condenser duty Estimation of Overflow from Top tray Verification of fractionation criteria Estimation of Top and Bottom Pump Around Duty Estimation of flash zone liquid reflux rate Estimation of column diameters Summary References