Technological Advances in Care of Patients with Kidney Diseases

Description

The book explores how kidney disease care is being changed by new technologies, from inception and diagnosis to dialysis and kidney transplant. Massive technological advances have affected health care in the past decade, and doctors are moving quickly to change the way we provide care for kidney diseases. We are rapidly shifting from hospital- and clinic-based systems to providing care at home, with technologies that help monitor care and intervene remotely. Some of the technologies covered include genetic testing for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, metabolism/ezposome assessment, AI-driven tool for drug dosing, and apps available to patients. This book aims to educate providers on the many new scientific and technological interventions that can help monitor and mitigate kidney disease.  Preface Contents Chapter 1: Genetic Testing for the Management of Kidney Disease Rationale for the Use of Genetic Tests in Diagnosing Kidney Disease Establishing Genetic Diagnoses Impacts Clinical Care Genetic Testing Available in the Clinic Genomic Approaches and Return of Results Ethical, Legal, Social Considerations and Return of Results Summary References Chapter 2: Application of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Kidney Disease Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Data and ESKD AI Applications in Kidney Disease Conclusion References Chapter 3: The Role of The Metabolism/Exposome in Chronic Kidney Disease: Discovery for Precision Nutrition Need of Novel Biomarkers for Chronic Kidney Disease Metabotype and Metabolomics Analysis Targeted and Untargeted Metabolomics Analysis Genetic Variations in CKD and Relationship to Proteins and Metabolites Exposome and CKD Recent Findings in CKD Research Systems Biology Approach (Phenotypic, Metabolomic, and Genetic Data) for Biomarker Discovery in CKD Arginine and Taurine as Biomarkers of Diabetic Nephropathy (DN) Influence of Microbiome in CKD Precision Nutrition in Treatment and Prevention of CKD Concluding Remarks References Chapter 4: Microbiome Derived Metabolites in CKD and ESRD Introduction Microbiome in Health and Disease Microbiome in Kidney Disease Microbiome Derived Metabolites Inflammation Immune Dysregulation Hypertension Progression of Kidney Disease Cardiovascular Disease Obesity and Insulin Resistance Microbiome Therapeutics Conclusion References Chapter 5: Psychological Factors Associated with Adjustment to Kidney Disease and Engagement in Novel Technologies Stress of Kidney Disease Symptom Burden Treatment Demands of CKD/ESRD Etiology of Depression and Anxiety in CKD and ESRD Epidemiology of Depression and Anxiety in CKD and ESRD Technology Acceptance Technology Acceptance in Healthcare Settings Technology Acceptance in CKD Improving Technology Acceptance Conclusion References Chapter 6: Current Dietary Advances in Enhancing Adherence in ESRD Patients General Dietary Guidelines for End Stage Renal Disease Patients Where Can End Stage Renal Disease Patients Find Pertinent Nutrition Information Planning Kidney Friendly Meals How to Help Patients Achieve Recommended Nutrition Goals What Exists and What Needs to Improve to Help ESRD Patients Meet Their Nutrition Goals References Chapter 7: Current Strategies to Enhance Opportunities for Patients with End Stage Kidney Disease to Receive a Kidney Transplant References Chapter 8: Blood Pressure Measurement in Chronic Kidney Disease and End Stage Renal Disease Introduction BP Management (Guidelines and Methods) Blood Pressure Load Blood Pressure Variability Arterial Stiffness HTN Old-School Vs. New-School Thinking Summary References Chapter 9: Assessing Volume Overload in Patients on Dialysis Introduction Physiology Devices to Assess Volume Bioimpedance Thoracic Electrical Bioimpedance Blood Volume Monitoring Ultrasound CardioMEMS Remote Dielectric Sensing (ReDS) Indicor (Investigational Use) Conclusion References Chapter 10: Technologies to Monitor Dialysis Dose, Vascular Access Function and Improve Toxin Removal Introduction Technologies for Online Monitoring of Dialysis Dose EID-Na+ Based Methods UV Spectrophotometry-based Method Optimizing Dialysis Dose Optimizing the Removal of Middle Molecules and Protein-Bound Toxins High-Flux Dialyzers On-Line Hemodiafiltration Medium Molecular Cut-off Membranes Removal of Protein-Bound Toxins References Chapter 11: Technologies Transforming AV Fistula Creation: “Endo-AVF or Percutaneous-AVF” History of Hemodialysis Access The Endo-AVF Concept Two Technologies Clinical Data Access Planning in the Age of Endo-AVF Screening for Anatomic Feasibility Conclusions References Chapter 12: Delaying the Onset and Progression of CKD in People with Diabetes: Technology and Effectiveness in Achieving Glucose Control Introduction CKD in Diabetes and Mortality Role of Glycemic Control in Preventing the Progression of CKD Technology in the Prevention of Diabetic Kidney Disease Technology in Established ESRD and Diabetes References Chapter 13: Strategies and Technologies to Advance Kidney Health from Kidney Health Initiative Strategies and Technologies to Advance Kidney Health from Kidney Health Initiative Patient Innovator Challenge Winners References Chapter 14: Current Noninvasive Technologies in Interventions to Control Hyperparathyroid Bone Diseases of CKD and ESRD Introduction Patients and Methods Results Discussion References Chapter 15: Sudden Cardiac Death in End Stage Kidney Disease: Technologies for Determining Causes and Predicting Risk Introduction Cardiac Arrythmias and Sudden Cardiac Death in ESKD Ventricular Arrythmia Atrial Fibrillation Bradycardia Electrolyte Abnormalities and Sudden Cardic Death in ESKD Potassium and SCD Calcium and SCD Bicarbonate and SCD Approaches to Defining the Underlying Cardiac Arrythmias in SCD AND ESKD Implantable Loop Recorders ECG Patch Monitors Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators Approaches to Predicting the Risk of Sudden Death Autonomic Tone and Sudden Cardiac Death Electrophysiology and Sudden Cardiac Death Positron Emission Tomography and Sudden Cardiac Death Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillators and Sudden Cardiac Death Electrophysiology and Point of Care and Sudden Cardiac Death Artificial Intelligence and Sudden Cardiac Death Conclusion References Chapter 16: Current and Future Technologies to Enhance Acceptance of Peritoneal Dialysis Introduction The Current Use of Cyclers in PD History and Innovation in PD Cycler Technology Selected Examples of Troubleshooting Using Sharesource Innovation in Biocompatible PD Dialysate Solutions Generation of Individualized PD Fluid at Home Future Developments References Chapter 17: Project ECHO: Building Workforce Capacity to Improve Care for Patients with Kidney Disease Introduction Project ECHO: Moving Knowledge, Not People Becoming a Project ECHO Nephrology Hub Discussion References Chapter 18: Use of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning for Individualization of Drug Dosing in Dialysis Patients References Chapter 19: Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: Strategies to Identify and Target Specific Populations Coronary Artery Disease in People with Chronic Kidney Disease Dyslipidemia in ESRD Pathogenesis of CAD in CKD: New Insights Protein Carbamylation Macrophage Function in ESRD Autophagy Strategies to Identify and Target Specific Populations Future Directions References Index