Pediatric Dermatology

Description

Designed for everyday use in the clinic, Bernard A. Cohen’s Pediatric Dermatology, 5th Edition, is a visually stunning, practical reference for anyone who treats children with skin disorders. Diagnostic algorithms, high-quality illustrations, and concise, easy-to-navigate text written by a leading authority in the field set this text/atlas apart, making it ideal for clinical use as well as board exam preparation. Contains nearly 1,000 superb photographs (100 are new or updated) balanced by clear and succinct text.  Keeps you up to date with the most current knowledge and latest advancements in the field, including new variants of conditions for infantile hemangiomas and vascular malformations and approaches and findings for treating pigmented lesions in infants and children.  Features numerous summary tables and differential diagnosis algorithms to help simplify diagnosis.  Offers a comprehensive bibliography at the end of each chapter for further study.  Includes European drug names when appropriate.  Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices. cover inside front cover Inside front cover Front matter Front matter Pediatricdermatology Copyright Copyright Preface Preface Acknowledgments Acknowledgments Figure credits Dedication Dedication Foreword Foreword Note from dr. cohen Foreword to the second edition Contributors Contributors Contents Contents 1 - Introduction to pediatric dermatology 1 Introduction to pediatric dermatology Anatomy and function of the skin Examination and assessment of the skin Diagnostic techniques Potassium hydroxide preparation Scabies preparation Lice preparation Tzanck smear Wood light Dermatologic therapeutics General principles Topical vehicles Ointments Open wet dressings Powders and lotions Gels Aerosols Creams Pastes Foams Shampoos and washes Topical corticosteroids Topical calcineurin inhibitors Emollients (lubricants) Sun protective agents Further reading Useful websites 2 - Neonatal dermatology 2 Neonatal dermatology Introduction Barrier properties and use of topical agents Thermoregulation Pigmentation and photoprotection Cutaneous complications of the intensive care nursery Surgical scars Arterial catheters Chemical and thermal burns Heel-stick nodules Transient eruptions of the newborn Transient vascular phenomena Benign pustular dermatoses Erythema toxicum neonatorum Transient neonatal pustular melanosis Acropustulosis of infancy Eosinophilic pustular folliculitis Other papulopustular rashes Sebaceous gland hyperplasia. Miliaria. Milia. Neonatal acne. Infantile acne. Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn Minor anomalies Dimpling Periauricular sinuses, pits, tags, and cysts Supernumerary digits Supernumerary nipples Umbilical granulomas The scaly newborn Collodion baby Ichthyosis Autosomal recessive congenital ichthyosis Epidermolytic ichthyosis Ichthyosis vulgaris and x-linked ichthyosis Diaper dermatitis and related disorders Irritant contact dermatitis Allergic contact dermatitis Infected contact dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis Psoriasis Candidiasis Langerhans cell histiocytosis Benign cephalic histiocytosis Acrodermatitis enteropathica Congenital syphilis Vesiculopustular dermatoses Infections and infestations Neonatal herpes simplex infection Congenital varicella syndrome Neonatal varicella Impetigo and staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome Disseminated candidiasis Scabies Epidermolysis bullosa Aplasia cutis congenita Congenital erosive and vesicular dermatosis healing with supple reticulated scarring Mastocytosis Incontinentia pigmenti Nevi/birthmarks Vascular anomalies Vascular malformations Capillary malformations Venous malformations Lymphatic malformations Arteriovenous malformations Vascular tumors Hemangiomas Hamartomatous nevi Epidermal nevi Sebaceous nevi Smooth muscle and pilar hamartomas Connective tissue nevus Congenital melanocytic nevi Tumors Juvenile xanthogranulomas Dermoid cysts Recurrent infantile digital fibroma Infantile myofibromatosis Malignant tumors Reactive erythemas Neonatal lupus erythematosus Annular erythema of infancy Further reading Barrier properties and topical agents Cutaneous complications of the intensive care nursery Cutis marmorata Erythema toxicum neonatorum Transient neonatal pustular melanosis Acropustulosis of infancy Eosinophilic folliculitis Miliaria Milia Neonatal and infantile acne Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn Minor anomalies Collodion baby Ichthyosis Diaper dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis Langerhans cell histiocytosis Acrodermatitis enteropathica Congenital syphilis Herpes simplex Varicella Staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome Candidiasis Scabies Epidermolysis bullosa Aplasia cutis congenita Mastocytosis Incontinentia pigmenti Vascular malformation Lymphatic malformations Hemangiomas Epidermal nevus Sebaceous nevus Smooth muscle nevus Connective tissue nevus Pigmented nevi Juvenile xanthogranuloma Dermoid cyst Recurrent infantile digital fibroma Infantile myofibromatosis Malignant tumors Neonatal lupus erythematosus Annular erythema of infancy 3 - Papulosquamous eruptions 3 Papulosquamous eruptions Introduction Disorders of keratinization Psoriasis Pityriasis rubra pilaris Keratosis follicularis (darier disease) Ichthyoses Palmoplantar keratoderma Porokeratosis Porokeratosis of mibelli Linear porokeratosis Disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis Punctate porokeratosis Inflammatory dermatitides Contact dermatitis Atopic dermatitis Nummular eczematous dermatitis Prurigo nodularis Follicular eczema Ichthyosis vulgaris Keratosis pilaris Infraorbital folds Pigmentary changes Hand (and foot) dermatitis Complications of atopic dermatitis Differential diagnosis. Treatment of atopic dermatitis. Valacyclovir oral suspension (50 mg/ml). Seborrheic dermatitis Juvenile palmar-plantar dermatosis Perioral/periorificial dermatitis Pityriasis rosea Pityriasis lichenoides Lichenoid dermatoses Lichen planus Lichen nitidus Lichen striatus Fungal infections Tinea Tinea corporis Tinea pedis Yeast Candidiasis Tinea versicolor Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis of gougerot and carteaud Further reading Psoriasis Pityriasis rubra pilaris Keratosis follicularis Keratoderma (hyperkeratosis of the palms and soles) Porokeratosis Contact dermatitis Atopic dermatitis Seborrheic dermatitis Juvenile palmar-plantar dermatosis Perioral dermatitis Pityriasis rosea Pityriasis lichenoides Lichen planus Lichen nitidus Lichen striatus Fungal infections 4 - Vesiculopustular eruptions 4 Vesiculopustular eruptions Introduction Viral infections Herpes simplex virus Varicella (chickenpox) Herpes zoster Hand-foot-and-mouth disease Bacterial infections Impetigo Staphylococcal scalded-skin syndrome Staphylococcal folliculitis Immunobullous dermatoses Intraepidermal disorders Pemphigus vulgaris Pemphigus foliaceus Subepidermal disorders Chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood Bullous pemphigoid Dermatitis herpetiformis Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita Mechanobullous disorders Friction blisters Epidermolysis bullosa Dermatitis Erythema multiforme, stevens–johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis Erythema multiforme Stevens–johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis Toxic epidermal necrolysis Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis Further reading Herpes simplex infection Varicella-zoster infection Hand-foot-and-mouth disease Bacterial infections Pemphigus Bullous pemphigoid and chronic bullous dermatosis of childhood Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita Erythema multiforme Stevens–johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis Mycoplasma-induced rash and mucositis 5 - Nodules and tumors 5 Nodules and tumors Introduction Superficial nodules and tumors Warts Molluscum contagiosum Basal cell carcinoma Dermal nodules and tumors Granuloma annulare Adnexal tumors Epidermoid cysts Pilar cysts Pilomatrixoma Vellus hair cysts Steatocystoma Dermoid cysts Multiple facial papules and nodules Syringomas. Trichoepitheliomas. Xanthomas Fibrous tumors Keloids Dermatofibromas Angiofibromas Vascular tumor Pyogenic granuloma Neural tumors Neurofibromas Neuromas Lymphocytoma cutis Further reading Warts Molluscum contagiosum Basal cell carcinoma and genodermatoses associated with neoplasia Granuloma annulare Adnexal tumors Xanthomas Fibrous tumors Pyogenic granuloma Neural tumors Lymphocytoma, lymphoma cutis 6 - Pigmentary disorders 6 Pigmentary disorders Introduction Hyperpigmentation Epidermal melanosis Café-au-lait spots Freckles (ephelides) Lentigo simplex Lentiginosis profusa. Leopard syndrome. Speckled lentiginous nevus. Peutz–jeghers syndrome Solar lentigines Becker nevus Acanthosis nigricans Melasma Dermal melanocytosis/melanosis Incontinentia pigmenti Nevoid hyperpigmentation (hypopigmentation) Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Fixed drug eruption Acquired nevomelanocytic nevi Melanomas Spindle and epithelial cell nevus Diffuse hyperpigmentation Hypopigmentation and depigmentation Localized hypopigmentation Hypopigmented macules Nevus depigmentosus Nevus anemicus Nevoid hypopigmentation (incontinentia pigmenti achromians) Piebaldism Postinflammatory hypopigmentation Vitiligo Diffuse hypopigmentation Albinism Other disorders associated with diffuse hypopigmentation Further reading Café-au-lait spot Lentigo Becker nevus Acanthosis nigricans Melasma Dermal melanocytosis Fixed drug eruption Pigmented nevi Hypopigmented macules Nevus anemicus Nevoid hypopigmentation (incontinentia pigmenti achromians) Piebaldism Vitiligo Albinism 7 - Reactive erythema 7 Reactive erythema Introduction Drug eruptions Morbilliform drug eruptions (including drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms or drug-induced hypersensitivity ... Stevens–johnson syndrome/toxic epidermal necrolysis Fixed drug eruption Urticaria Exfoliative, lichenoid, and acneiform drug reactions Chemotherapy-induced erythema Viral exanthems Measles and rubella Measles Rubella Erythema infectiosum (fifth disease) Exanthema subitum (roseola) Papular acrodermatitis (gianotti–crosti syndrome) Other viral exanthems Scarlatiniform rashes Scarlet fever Kawasaki syndrome Acral erythema Erythromelalgia Pernio Acrodynia Purpuras and vasculitides Extravascular purpura Intravascular purpura Immune thrombocytopenic purpura Disseminated intravascular coagulation Vascular purpura Infectious vasculitis Lymphocytic vasculitis Sweet syndrome Pyoderma gangrenosum Granulomatous vasculitis Figurate erythema Erythema annulare centrifugum Erythema migrans Panniculitis Erythema nodosum Cold panniculitis Subcutaneous fat necrosis of the newborn Sclerema neonatorum Lupus panniculitis Photosensitivity Phototoxic and photoallergic reactions Polymorphous light eruption Solar urticaria Genetic disorders Other photo-exacerbated disorders Collagen vascular disease Lupus erythematosus Dermatomyositis Sclerosing collagen vascular disease Systemic sclerosis Lichen sclerosus et atrophicus Necrobiosis lipoidica Further reading Drug eruptions Urticaria Lichenoid drug eruptions Chemotherapy-induced erythema Viral exanthems Kawasaki syndrome Acral erythema Purpura fulminans Leukocytoclastic vasculitis Granulomatous vasculitis Polyarteritis nodosa Ecthyma gangrenosum Progressive pigmented purpuric dermatosis Sweet syndrome Pyoderma gangrenosum Figurate erythema Panniculitis Photosensitivity Connective tissue disease Nephrogenic fibrosing dermopathy Lichen sclerosis et atrophicus Necrobiosis lipoidica 8 - Disorders of the hair and nails 8 Disorders of the hair and nails Introduction Hair disorders Embryology and anatomy Congenital and hereditary disorders Acquired alopecia Scarring (cicatricial) alopecia Non-scarring alopecia Tinea capitis Alopecia areata Traumatic hair loss Telogen effluvium Anagen effluvium Loose anagen syndrome Androgenetic alopecia Hypertrichosis and hirsutism Acne Acne vulgaris Folliculitis Hidradenitis suppurativa Miliaria Nail disorders Embryology and anatomy Congenital and hereditary disorders Isolated malformations Ectodermal dysplasias Other genodermatoses and systemic diseases Acquired nail disorders Paronychia Nail dystrophy Nail changes and extracutaneous systemic disease Further reading Hair disorders Nail disorders 9 - Oral cavity 9 Oral cavity Introduction Anatomy of the oral cavity Buccal mucosa White sponge nevus Thrush (pseudomembranous candidiasis) Tongue Congenital malformations Geographic tongue (stomatitis areata migrans, erythema migrans, benign migratory glossitis) Black hairy tongue (lingua villosa nigra) Macroglossia Median rhomboid glossitis (central papillary atrophy) Granular cell tumor Traumatic fibroma (irritation fibroma) Tumors at the base of the tongue Lingual thyroid Thyroglossal duct cysts Lingual tonsils Floor of the oral cavity Ranula Pigmentary changes of the oral mucosa Physiologic pigmentation Postinflammatory hyperpigmentation Systemic and local hyperpigmentation Melanotic macules Hypopigmentation/depigmentation Lip Congenital malformations Cheilitis Cheilitis simplex Contact dermatitis Lip-licker’s dermatitis Angular cheilitis Cheilitis (orofacial) granulomatosa Fordyce granules Mucocele Aphthae Palate Palatal cysts of the newborn Gingiva Gingival cysts of the newborn Congenital epulis Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy Pyogenic granuloma Gingival hyperplasia Dental development and anomalies Further reading White sponge nevus Thrush (pseudomembranous candidiasis) Ankyloglossia Erythema migrans (geographic tongue) Black hairy tongue Macroglossia Median rhomboid glossitis (central papillary atrophy) Granular cell tumor Lingual thyroid tumors Thyroglossal duct cysts Lingual tonsils Ranula Cheilitis (orofacial) granulomatosa Fordyce granules Mucocele Aphthae Palatal and gingival cysts of the newborn Congenital epulis Neuroectodermal tumor of infancy Pyogenic granuloma Gingival hyperplasia Dental development and abnormalities 10 - Genital disorders 10 Genital disorders Introduction Anogenital examination Non-specific vulvovaginitis Perineal pyramidal protrusion Labial adhesion Diaper dermatitis Infantile hemangioma Lichen sclerosus/balanitis xerotica obliterans Vitiligo Cutaneous crohn disease Molluscum contagiosum Herpes simplex virus Human papillomavirus Pinworms Non-sexually acquired genital ulceration (nsagu) Further reading Anogenital examination Nonspecific vulvovaginitis Perineal pyramidal protrusion Labial adhesion Diaper dermatitis Infantile hemangioma Lichen sclerosus/balanitis xerotica obliterans Vitiligo Cutaneous crohn disease Molluscum contagiosum Herpes simplex virus Human papillomavirus Pinworms Non-sexually acquired genital ulceration 11 - Psychodermatology 11 Psychodermatology Introduction Psychophysiologic disorders Primary psychiatric disorders Trichotillomania Delusions of parasitosis Skin picking disorders Pseudopsychiatric disorders Child abuse and neglect Risk factors Historical clues Clinical findings Cutaneous lesions Sexual abuse Other findings in abuse Graft-vs-host disease Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Skin lesions Further reading Psychodermatology Child abuse and neglect Graft-vs-host disease Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome Inside back cover Inside back cover