The Hobbit Trap: How New Species Are Invented

Description

When scientists found the remains of a tiny hominid on an Indonesian in 2004, they claimed they found a totally new species of human ancestor (homo floresiensis), and called it a Hobbit. Film crews rolled in and the little creature took the world by storm, but a group of prominent scientists, including Maciej Henneberg and Robert Eckhardt, smelled a rat. They refuted the data―the size and shape of bones, the inferences about height―and they raised fundamental questions about scientific method, revealing cultural and political pressures that lead to the wide acceptance of unsupported theories. The Hobbit Trap describes how the case against the “new species” theory developed and offers an important critique of the species concept in evolution. In this thoroughly updated second edition, the authors include new data and analysis of the Flores fossils, and expand their important analysis of scientific practice, calling for a new movement to reverse the decline in scientific standards and the rise in scientific politics. This lively and important challenge to conventional wisdom is accessible to the general reader and makes a stimulating addition to courses on the history and philosophy of science, evolution and physical anthropology. Dedication Contents Foreword • Phillip V. Tobias Acknowledgements 1 Reflecting on origins 2 Thinking small 3 Null hypotheses and fairytales 4 A lot to chew over 5 Random skulduggery 6 Collegiality and line management 7 The more things change 8 Degrees of separation and laboratory slaves 9 Out of sight, out of mind 10 More of the same 11 Pseudo-science and bruised egos 12 The debate that isn’t 13 The sum of the parts Authors’ Note Bibliography Index