State and Revolution in Finland

Description

By analysing the experience of Finland, Risto Alapuro shows how upheavals in powerful countries shape the internal politics of smaller countries. This linkage, a highly topical subject in the twenty-first century world, is concretely studied by putting the abortive Finnish revolution of 1917-18 into a long historical and a broad comparative perspective. ‎Contents ‎Acknowledgements ‎Maps, Tables and Figures ‎Maps ‎Tables ‎Figure ‎Chapter 1. The Formation of a Small Polity ‎1. The Problem ‎2. A Comparative Perspective ‎3. What Is to Be Explained ‎4. Plan of the Book ‎Part 1. State-Making and the Class Structure ‎Chapter 2. Dominant Groups and State-Making ‎1. The Early Nineteenth Century ‎2. Economic Integration ‎3. The Late Nineteenth Century ‎Chapter 3. The Agrarian Class Structure and Industrial Workers ‎1. The Industrial and Agricultural Revolutions in Finland ‎2. Freeholding Peasants and Agrarian Workers ‎3. The Link between Industrial and Agrarian Workers ‎4. Crofters ‎Chapter 4. Territorial Integration ‎1. Finnish Regions up to 1809 ‎2. Reorientation from Stockholm to St. Petersburg ‎3. Territorial Integration in the Late Nineteenth Century ‎4. Core-Periphery Interaction – the County of Viipuri and Eastern Finland ‎5. South-Western Finland as a Core Region ‎6. Declining Ostrobothnia ‎7. Division of Labour and State Penetration in Northern Finland ‎8. Summary ‎Part 2. National Integration and Class Integration ‎Chapter 5. Finnish Nationalism ‎1. The Dual Nature of Nationalism in Nineteenth-Century Europe ‎2. Finland in a European Perspective ‎3. The Consolidation of a National Culture ‎4. Conclusion ‎Chapter 6. Before the Revolution: Organisation, Mobilisation, and the Role of Russia ‎1. Early Mass Organisation ‎2. The Finno-Russian Conflict ‎3. The General Strike of 1905, Parliamentary Reform, and the Rise of Agrarian Socialism ‎Chapter 7. Regional Consolidation of Party Support ‎1. Regions as Loci of Party Systems ‎2. The South-Western Core Region ‎3. The County of Viipuri ‎4. Ostrobothnia ‎5. Eastern Finland ‎6. Northern Finland ‎7. Conclusions ‎Part 3. The Abortive Revolution ‎Chapter 8. On Preconditions for Revolutionary Situations ‎Chapter 9. The Abortive Revolution of 1917–1918 ‎1. Socialists within the Polity ‎2. The Rise of Multiple Sovereignty ‎3. The Revolutionary Situation ‎4. The Aftermath ‎5. The Social and Regional Basis for the Revolution ‎6. On the Character of the Finnish Revolution ‎7. Breakdown of Society or Contest for State Power? ‎Chapter 10. State and Nation after the Failed Revolution ‎1. The Failed Revolution and the Nation ‎2. The Persistence of the Volcanic Model of the Finnish Revolution ‎3. On the State, the Nation, and Class Balance ‎4. The Lapua Movement, 1930–2 ‎5. The Mass Movement and the Dominant Classes in Finnish Fascism ‎Part 4. The Finnish State and Revolution in a European Perspective ‎Chapter 11. Eastern European Revolutionary Movements ‎1. National Movements in the Baltic Provinces ‎2. Revolution in the Baltic Provinces, 1905 and 1917–18 ‎3. Challenges in East-Central Europe ‎4. Fascism in Eastern Europe ‎Chapter 12. The Formation of Finland in Europe ‎1. Economic Consolidation ‎2. The Formation of State and Nation ‎3. Political Organisation and Mobilisation before 1917 ‎4. Revolutionary Situations in Small European Polities ‎5. State and Revolution in Finland ‎Postscript to the Second Printing ‎1. A Personal Note ‎2. A Recapitulation ‎3. The Reception of the Comparative Perspective ‎3.1. Finland Compared ‎3.2. Problems in the Use of the Comparative Approach ‎3.3. The Unity of the Elites ‎4. Structures and Actors ‎5. The Associational Tradition in the Political Process ‎6. Causes and Scripts ‎Bibliography ‎Index